外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳

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外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态 1. 一般现在时
(1 表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用

“usually 通常, often 常常, every,
每,, sometimes 有时，always 总是, ”等词。
(2 基本结构 :
主语 I / You / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句 ：主语+ 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式
}
否定句 ：主语+ don’t + 动词原形或者 doesn’t + 动原
一般疑问句 (Yes/No Do, Yes, I do. No,I don ’t.
Does,( 动词原形, Yes,he/she does. No,he/ she doesn’t.
特殊疑问句
What do , How does she,( 动词原形,
(3 动词第三人称单数形式 ( 同名词单数变成复数方法相同
1． 一般情况 +s 如:walk-walks 2. 辅音字母 +y 结尾 去 y +ies fly-flies 3. 结尾是 s, x ， sh, ch +es watch-watches 4.-
5. 结尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes
6. 特殊 have-has
2．现在进行时
(1 表示正在发生的动作，通常用“ now现在, look 看，linsen 听”. (2 基本形式 : be + 动词-ing eg: I am(not doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not reading. He/She/It is(not eating.


What are you doing Is he reading (3 动词的现在分词形式 ( 动词+ing 一般情况 +ing walk —walking
结尾是不发音的 e -e + ing come—coming 重读闭音节 双写最后一个字母 +ing swim-swimming run-running
3. 一般过去时
(1 表示过去已经发生的事情 , 通常用 “last , 上一个,, just now many years ago 许多年前， yesterday 昨天”等词。
(2 be 动词的过去式 : am/is —was are —were (3 过去式基本结构 肯定句 ：主语+ 动词过去式
I went shopping last night. 否定句 ：主语 + d idn ’t + 动词原形
I didn ’t go shopping last night.
一般疑问句 (Yes/No Did ,+ 动词原形,
Did you go shopping last night 特殊疑问句 (wh- What did,+ 动词原形,
What did you do last night (4 动词过去式的变化 : 规则动词的变化 :
(1 一般动词 +ed planted,watered,climbed (2 以不发音的 e 结尾 +d liked tied (3 辅音字母加 y 结尾 -y+ ied study —studied, cry- cried
,
刚才

(4 重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母
+ed
plan – planned stop –stopped
不规则动词的变化 :
原形 过去式 原形 过去式原形 过去式 am /is wasare werego went do did find found buy bought eat ate feel felt drink drank teach taughttake took read read give gavehave had putput sing sang drive drove meet met cut cut begin began makemade let let ring rang write wrote see sawrun ran ride rode come came draw drew sit sat tell told learn learnt get got carry carried study studied
7. 一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与Sunday等时间状语连用。
结构:be going to + 动词原形或 will + 动词原形 例如:I ’m going to visit my grandpa next week.
tomorrow, next


二、人称代词
主格 I we youhe she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them
形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mineours yours hishers its theris
( 注: 介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。

三、可数名词的复数形式 1. 一般名词: + s book –books
—stories
—glasses;a watch-watches
2. 辅音字母加 y 结尾: - y+ ies story 3. 以s, x ，sh, ch ，结尾: + es glass 以 o 结尾:1 有生命的 +es potato-potatoes
2 无生命的 +s photo-photoes
4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾: - f 5. 特殊的名词复数 :
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, 四、不可数名词 ( 没有复数形式 bread, rice, water, juice 五、缩略形式，milk ，tea ，coffee 或fe 变为 ves knife –knives; shelf-shelves



I ’m = I am you ’re = you are she he has(got it didn ’t=did not
’s = it is who ’s = she is he ’s = he is hasn’t = ’t=is not
’s =who is can ’t =can not isn weren’t=were not wasn’t=was not let I ’ll=I will 六、a. an .the 的用法
’s=let us
8. 单词的第一读音是辅音读音 :a book, a peach ， a “U” 单词的第一个读音是元音读音 :an egg ， an hour ， an “F” 9.the 要注意的: 球类前面不加 the ，play football 乐器前面要加 the，play the piano 序数词前面要加 the, the second 七、介词
1. 表示方位:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. ，under 2. 表示时间:
(1at : 几点前面用 at 如:at six o ’clock, 没有 day 的节日前用 at 如 :at ，at night
Christmas, 固定词组 at the weekends (2on: 用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上 ( 指具体的某一天时 on Sunday 在星期天 on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午 on March 8 在 3 月 8 日; 带有 Day的节日前用 on 如: on National Day
(3in: 早晨，中午，晚上前用 in:in the morning ，in the afternoon ，in the
evening ，月份前用 in ，如in December; 季节前用 in ，如 winter; 年份前用 in ， 如 in 1999
八、基数词变成序数词的方法


10. 直接在基数词词尾加上 th 。如:seventh 第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 十三， 2. 以 y 结尾的基数词，变 y 为i ，再加上 eth。如:twentieth 3. 不规则的。如:first 第一, second 第二，third 第三，fifth 第二十。
第
第五，eighth
第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。
4. 有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如 twenty-first 一。 九、some /any 的用法
1. 肯定句中用 some:I have some toys in my bedroom.
2. 问句和否定句中用 any:Do you have any brothers or sisters He hasn’t got any pencils in his pencil -case.
3. 询问想要什么时用 some:Would you like some juice
Can I have some stamps 十、 there be 结构 1. 肯定句( 有,: There is + 单数或不可数名词
There are + 复数
注: 遵循就近原则，看靠 there be 最近的
2. 一般疑问句 ( 有, 吗,:Is there , Yes, there is./ No, there isn ’t.Are there, Yes, there are. /No, there aren ’t. 3. 否定句( 没有: There isn ’t ,. There aren ’t,.
4.there be 句型与 have(has 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物 ( 或
人;have(has 表示某人拥有某物。
十一、祈使句 Sit down please.
Don’t open the door, please. Let’s go to the park.
第二十



( 注: 祈使句中动词用原形 十二、( 情态 动词 can, may, must, should, will 11. I / He / She / They can sing. May I come in I must go now.
12. You should be quiet in the library. 3. You 十四、特殊疑问句
5.What 什么( 问什么事, 什么物或什么工作等
What are you doing, I ’m reading.
’ll be good friends.
后面直接用动词原形。
What did you do yesterday I played basketball. What are you going to do I What is that It ’s a book.
’m going to do homework.
What does he/she do She’s a nurse. What time is it It 6. What colour ’s seven.
问颜色
’s red.
What colour is your coat It 7. when 什么时候
When do you get up I get up at six thirty. When is your birthday It 8.Which 哪一个
Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one
The yellow is mine.’s on the 21st of December.



13.Who谁
Who is the man with a big nose He 14.Whose谁的 Whose bag is it It 15.Where 哪里 Where is my pen It 16.Why为什么 Why do you like summer 17.How many 多少
How many books are there in the school bag There are four books in the school bag. 18. How old 几岁
How old is the young man He 19.How much多少钱
How much is the toy bear It ’s eleven yuan.
）
’s nineteen. Because, ’s under the book. ’s his bag.
’s my uncle.
20.How 怎么样（ How long/ big/tall How do you go to school everyday I go to school by car.
How long is the river It ’s 10 miles long.
十五. 已经学过的动词 say run jump help learn wash come help take sing give take sing fall know lost live read listen talk dance want climb visit fly have go eat find ride see draw
make buy get answer cook phone tell travel carry like


swim pass play skip watch fly open put meet wait send need take wear catch use feel smell shout work put take get bring speak sit down stand up find out turnrightturnleftgostraight gotoschool









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外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳

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