高中英语必修4课文逐句翻译

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1.必修四Module1TheCityoftheFuture未来城市
Whatwillthecityofthefuturelooklike未来的城市会是什么样子呢Nooneknowsforsure,andmakingpredictionsisariskybusiness.没有人确切的了解,预测也是一件很危险的事情。Butonethingiscertain---theyaregoingtogetbiggerbeforetheygetsmaller.但是有一件事情是可以肯定的---他们将会先变大,然后再变小。Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth'snaturalresourcesrunout.在未来,爱护环境将会很重要,因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。Wewilluselotsofrecycledmaterials,suchasplastic,aluminum,steel,glass,woodandpaper,andwewillwastefewernaturalresources.我们将会使用大量的可回收材料,例如,塑料、铝、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。我们浪费自然资源的程度将会有所减弱。Wewillalsohavetorelymoreonalternativeenergy,suchassolarandwindpower.我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。例如,太阳能和风能。Allthisseemscertain,butthereareplentyofthingsaboutcitylifeinthefuturewhicharenotcertain.所有的这些似乎是肯定的,但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。Tofindoutwhatyoungpeoplethinkaboutthefutureofurbanlife,ateacheratauniversityinTexasintheUnitedStatesaskedhisstudentstothinkhowtheywouldrunacityof50,000peopleintheyear2025.为了获知年轻人对未来城市生活的想法,美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生思考如何管理一个在2025年拥有5万人口的城市,Herearesomeoftheideastheyhad:下面是他们的一些构想:GarbageshipsTogetridofgarbageproblems,thecitywillloadhugespaceshipswithwastematerialsandsendthemtowardsthesun,preventinglandfillandenvironmentalproblems.垃圾船:为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰,城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料,朝太阳射,这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境间题。
BatmanNetsPolicewillarrestcriminalsbyfiringnetsinsteadofguns.勤务兵网:警察逮捕罪犯时,将会向罪犯射出网状物而不是用枪。
ForgetsmokingNosmokingwillbeallowed'withinafuturecity'slimits.Smokingwillbepossibleonlyoutsidecities,andoutdoors.戒烟:在未来城市范围内将禁止吸烟。只有在郊区和户外才允许吸烟。
ForgetthemallsInthefutureallshoppingwillbedoneonline,andcatalogueswill

havevoicecommandstoplaceorders.告别商厦:将来所有的购物将会在网上进行,商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。
TelephonesforlifeEveryonewillbegivenatelephonenumberatbirththatwillneverchange'nomatterwheretheylive.电话人生:每个人一出生就会给予一个电话号码,将来无论他们居住在哪儿,这个电话号码都不会更改。
RecreationAllformsofrecreation,suchascinemas,bowling,softball,concertsandothers,willbeprovidedfreeofchargebythecity.娱乐:所有的娱乐形式,例如,电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等都将由该市政府免费提供。CarsAllcarswillbepoweredbyelectricity,solarenergyorwind,anditwillbepossibletochangethecolorofcarsattheflickofaswitch.汽车:所有的汽车部将由电能、太阳能或风能提供动力,并且只要轻轻按一下开关就能够改变汽车的颜色。Tele-surgeryDistancesurgerywillbecomecommonasdoctorscarryoutoperationsfromthousandsofmilesaway,witheachcityhavingitsowntele-surgeryoutpatientclinic.远程手术:随着每个城市拥有自己的远程手术门诊部,医生将能在数千里以外实施手术,远程手术将会变得十分普通。
HolidaysathomeSeniorcitizensandpeoplewithdisabilitieswillbeabletogoanywhereintheworldusinghigh-techcamerasattachedtotheirhead.居家度假:年长的市民和残疾人通过使用绑在头上的高新技术相机可以周游世界。
SpacetravelTravellinginspacebyordinarycitizenswillbecommon.Eachcitywillhaveitsownspaceport.太空邀游:普通市民邀游太空将会变得很平常,每个城市都将有自己的太空港。

2.必修四Module2GettingAroundinBeijing行在北京Taxis出租车
Taxisareonthestreets24hoursaday.北京大街上的出租车是24小时服务的。Simplyraiseyourhand.andataxiappearsinnotime.只要你招招手,立刻就会有出租车。Theyareusuallyred,andtheydisplaythepriceperkilometeronthewindow.们通常都是红色车身,并且在车窗上显示每公里的路价。Youshouldcheckthecab

hasabusinesspermit,andmakesureyouaskforareceipt.你要做的,就是确认司机有营运照,并且索要发票。Busesandtrolleybuses公交车和电车
?PublictransportprovidesacheapwaytogetaroundinBeijing.公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。Thereare20,000busesandtrolleybusesinBeijing,buttheycangetverycrowded.北京大约有两万多辆公交车和电车,但是,它们有时会很拥挤。It'sagoodideatoavoidpublictransportduringtherushhour(6:30amand8:00amand5:00pmand6:30pm.最明智的做法是避免在高峰期(上午6:008:00,下午5:006:30乘坐公交车和电车。Faresarecheap,startingat1yuan.这些车车票价格便宜,一元起价。Air-conditionedbusescostmore.空调车则要贵一些。
Busesnumbered1to100arelimitedtotravelwithinthecitycentre.公交线1100路部是仅限于市中心内的,Highernumbershavedestinationsinthesuburbs.车号更高一些的线路,可以通达郊区。Touristsshouldn'tmissthe103buswhichoffersoneofthemostimpressiveroutes,pasttheForbiddenCityandtheWhitePagodainBeihaiPark.对于游人来说,最不该错过的是103路电车,它途经紫禁城和北海白塔,沿途风景令人印象深刻。Ifyougetonadouble-deckerbus,makesureyousitupstairs.如果你乘坐双层公共汽车,请务必坐在上层,You'llhaveagoodviewoftherapidlychangingcity.这样你会一览这个飞速发展城市的亮丽风景。Mostbusesrunfromabout5:00amtomidnight.However,thereisalsoanightbusservice,providedbybuseswithanumberinthe200s.Minibuses小公共汽车
Minibuseswithseatsfor12passengersofferanalternativetoexpensivetaxisandcrowdedpublictransportinsomeareas.在一些地区,这种12个座位的小型公共汽车给人们在昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共汽车外,提供了第三种选择。Theyrunregularservicesandfollowthesameroutesaslargepublicbuses.它们跟大公共汽车走同样的路线,提供有规律的服务。Andinaminibusyoualwaysgetaseateveninrushhours.在小公共汽车上,即使在高峰期也能找到空位。Underground地铁
TherearefourundergroundlinesinBeijing,andseverallinesareunderconstruction.

北京有四条地铁线,还有几条线也正在建设之中。Trainsarefastandconvenient,butrushhourscanbeterrible.地铁方便快捷,但在高峰期,情况会很糟糕。Aone-waytripcosts3yuan.地铁票价单程为三元,Stationnamesaremarkedinpinyin.站名拼音标注,Theundergroundisopenfrom5:00amto11:00pm.运营时间为上午5到晚上11点。Pedicabs三轮脚踏车
Touristslikethesehuman-pedaled"tricycletaxis",buttheycanbeexpensive.游客们喜欢这些人力驱动的"三轮脚踏车",但价格可能会较贵。Youshouldtalktothedriver,andmakesureyouknowthepricebeforeyoubeginthejourney,forexample,ifitisperperson,singleorreturn.因此坐之前要先弄清楚价格,明确价钱是否按人数计算、是单程还是往返双程的问题。Tricyclesareworthusingifyouwanttoexplorethenarrowalleys(hutongofoldBeijing.如果想去老北京的胡同探秘,三轮脚踏车绝对是值得一坐的。

3.必修四Module3Bodylanguage身势语
Ifyousaytheword"communication",mostpeoplethinkofwordsandsentences.Althoughtheseareveryimportant,wecommunicatewithmorethanjustspokenandwrittenwords.Indeed,bodypositionsarepartofwhatwecall"bodylanguage".说起"交流",大多数人会想到单词或句子,虽然单词与句子十分重要,但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流,身体的姿态是我们所称的"身势语"的一部分。Weseeexamplesofunconsciousbodylanguageveryoften,yetthereisalso"learned"bodylanguage,whichvariesfromculturetoculture.我们经常看到无意识的身势语,但也有习得的身势语。习得的身势语在不同的文化中各不相同。
Weuse"learned"bodylanguagewhenweareintroducedtostrangers.当我们被介绍给生人时,我们使用"习得的"身势语。Likeotheranimals,weareonguarduntilweknowitissafetorelax.跟动物一样,我们会保持警觉,直至知道安全的时候才放松。Soeveryculturehasdevelopedaformalwaytogreetstrangers,toshowthemwearenotaggressive.因此,在所有的文化中人们都有一种向陌生人打招呼的正规的

方式,以表示他们并不具有侵犯倾向。Traditionally,EuropeansandAmericansshakehands.欧美人的传统是握手,Theydothiswiththerighthand---thestrongesthandformostpeople.他们用右手握手---右手对多数人来说更有力一些。Ifourrighthandisbusygreetingsomeone,itcannotbeholdingaweapon.假如右手用于忙着与人打招呼就不可能握武器。Sothegestureissaying,"Itrustyou.Look,I'mnotcarryingathreateningweapon."因此,这种手势的意思是"我信任你,瞧,我没带威胁性的武器"Ifyoushakehandswithsomeone,youshowyoutrustthem.假如你和人握手,就是在表明你信任他们。Weshakehandswhenwemakeadeal.Itmeans,"Weagreeandwetrusteachother."我们在做交易时与人握手,意思就是"我们达成了协议,相互信任"
GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolvetouchingtheotherperson,buttheyalwaysinvolvethehands.亚洲人打招呼是不接触他人身体的,但他们要用手。TraditionallyinChina,whenwegreetsomeone,weputtherighthandovertheleftandbowslightly.与人打招呼时,中国人的传统方式;右手放在左手上,拱手,稍稍躬身而行礼。Muslimsgivea"salaam",wheretheytouchtheirheart,mouthandforehead.穆斯林行额手鞠躬礼,用手触左胸、嘴和额。Hindusjointheirhandsandbowtheirheadsinrespect.印度,双手交合,恭敬地鞠躬。Inalloftheseexamples,thehandsarebusywiththegreetingandcannotholdaweapon.在上述例子中,手部在忙于打招呼,不可能拿武器。
Eventoday,whensomepeoplehaveveryinformalstylesofgreeting,theystillusetheirhandsasagestureoftrust.即使是现在,人们在非正式场合打招呼时,还会用手来表示信任对方。Americanyouthsoftengreeteachotherwiththeexpression,"Givemefive!"美国青年常常说,"击掌"来打招呼。Onepersonthenholdsuphishand,palmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.说完后这个人举起手,手掌向外,五指展开。Theotherpersonraiseshishandandslapstheother'sopenhandabovetheheadina"highfive".另一个人同样举起手,拍打对方举过头顶的手。Nowadays,itisquiteacommongreeting.这是现代常见的打招呼方式。
Bodylanguageisfascinatingforanyonetostudy.身势语对于任何研究者来说都具有吸引力。Peoplegiveawaymuchmorebytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.人们

通过姿势表达的意思要比通过话语表达巧更多。Lookatyourfriendsandfamilyandseeifyouareamindreader!看看你的朋友和家人,你能洞悉他们的心思吗

4.必修四Module4TheStudentWhoAskedQuestions问问题的学生
InahungryworldriceisastaplefoodandChinaistheworld’slargestproducer.在当前的世界,水稻是主要食粮。中国是世界上最大的水稻产地。RiceisalsogrowninmayotherAsiancountries,andinsomeEuropeancountieslikeItaly.亚洲其他国家和一些欧洲国家比如意大利等,也种植水稻。Intherice-growingworld,theChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isaleadingkey.在水稻种植界,中国科学家袁隆平是一位重要人士。
YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.袁隆平生长在中国。Asaboyhewaseducatedinmanyschoolsandwasgiventhenickname,"thestudentwhoasksquestions".小时候,他在许多学校读过书,得了个问问题的学生的绰号。Fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinplants.袁隆平从小就对植物感兴趣。Hestudiedagricultureincollegeandasayoungteacherhebeganexperimentsincropbreeding.他在大学里研究农学。作为一个年轻的教师,他开始了作物育种的实验。Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.他想,养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis-----bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.他认为,唯一的办法是使不同种类的水稻杂交,这样就能产生比原先任何一种水稻产量部要高的新品种。
FirstYuanLongpingexperimentedwithdifferenttypesofrice.首先,袁隆平对不同种类的水稻进行实验。TheresultsofhisexperimentswerepublishedinChinain1966.1966年,他的研究成果在中国发表。Thenhebeganhissearchforaspecialtypeofriceplant.接着,他开始寻找一种特殊的稻种。Ithadtobemale.Ithadtobesterile.这种稻种必须是雄性的,必须是不结果的(译者注:它属于生物学所称的"雄性不育"Finally,in1970anaturallysterilemalericeplantwasdiscovered.最后,在

1970年,一种天然的雄性不育稻种被发现,Thiswasthebreakthrough.这是一个突破性的发现。ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.全国各地的研究者们被召集在一起开发新的水稻种。Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.研究得到了政府的赞助。
AsaresultofYuanLongping'sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionrosebypercentinthe1990's.由于袁隆平的发现,中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了%Therewereotheradvantagestoo.50thousandsquarekilometersofricefieldswereconvertedtogrowingvegetablesandothercashcrops.还有其他的益处,5万平方公里原来的稻田现在被用来种植蔬菜和其他经济作物。Followingthis,YuanLongping'sricewasexportedtoothercountries,suchasPakistanandthePhilippines.除此以外,袁隆平研制的水稻还出口到巴基斯坦和菲律宾等国家。
InPakistanriceisthesecondmostimportantcropafterwheatandwillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry.在巴基斯坦,水稻是继小麦之后的第二种最重要的作物并将在许多地方种植。ThenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheYuanLongpingHigh-techAgriculturalCompanyofChina.中国袁隆平高科技农业公司已开发出一种新的杂交水稻。ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.这种杂交水稻的产量远高于种植于巴基斯的坦其他种类的水稻。

5.必修四Module5ATripAlongtheThreeGorges三峡之旅
InAugust1996,PeterHessler,ayoungAmericanteacherofEnglish,arrivedinthetownofPulingontheYangtzeRiver.19968月,一位年轻的美国英语教师彼得·斯勒,来到长江之滨的涪陵。HeandacolleagueweretospendtwoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.他和另一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院任教两年。Theyweretheonlyforeignersinthetown.整个城里只有他们两名外国人。ThefirstsemesterfinishedattheendofJanuaryandtheyhadfourweeksofffortheSpringFestival.Theycouldgoanywheretheywished.元月底,第一学期结束了,他们有四周的春节假期,可以随处旅游。Theydecidedtotakeaboat

downstream.他们决定顺流而下。
Wedecidedtobuyticketsforthejiangyouboat.我们打算买到"江油号"的船票。Ourcolleaguessaid,"Youshouldn'tgoonthoseships.同事们说:"你们不要坐那种船。Theyareverycrowded.它们太拥挤,Theyaremainlyforgoodsandpeopletradingalongtheriver.主要是用来运货的。乘客多是沿江做生意的人。Theydon'tstopatthetemplesandtherewon'tbeanyotherforeigners."那些船不停靠庙宇,也不会有别的外国游人乘坐。"Thatsoundedfinetome.我觉得听起来还不错。Wejusthadtoshowourpassportsandtheyletusgetontheboat.我们出示护照后便上了船。Weleftthedocksonabeautifulafternoon.在一个美丽的午后,我们离开码头。Thesunwasshiningbrightlyaswesaileddownstreamthroughahillyregion.当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候,阳光很灿烂。Menrodebambooraftsalongtheriver'sedgeandcoalboatswentpast.男人们乘坐着江边的竹筏,运煤的小船来来往往。AsthesunsetwedockedatFengdu.太阳落山时,我们的船在丰都靠岸。Wecouldseethesunsettingbehindthewhitepagoda.Itwasbeautiful.我们目睹太阳在白塔后西沉,美丽极了。
Wesleptthroughthefirstgorge,whichiscalledtheQutangGorge.穿过长江第一峡崔塘峡时,我们正在睡梦中。Thegorgenarrowsto350feetastheriverrushesthroughthetwo-mile-highmountains.江水在两英里高的峰峦间奔流,峡谷窄处只有巧350英尺。"Oh,well,"myfriendsaid,"atleastwehavetwomoreleft."我朋友:"至少我们能看见另外两个峡谷。"
AsWushanwemadeadetouruptheDaningRivertoseesomeofthesmallergorges.船到巫山时,我们绕道溯游大宁河,观赏了几处小峡谷。ThenextdaywewentthroughthebiggorgesontheYangtzeRiver.第二天,我们经过了长江的大峡谷。ItwasalovelymorningaswewentthroughtheWuGorge.在一个美丽的上午轮船驶过巫峡。WepassedtheXiangRiver,homeofQuYuan,the3rdcenturyBCpoet.我们还经过了湘江,那是公元前三世纪一位诗人---屈原的家乡。TherewassomuchhistoryalongtheYangtzeRiver.长江有太多的历史。Everyrocklookedlikeapersonoranimal,everystreamthatjoinedthegreatrivercarrieditslegends,everyhillwasheavywiththepast.块块巨石形象各异,条条支流部流淌着传说,座座小山承载

着过往。
Aswecameoutofthethirdgorge,theXilingGorge,wesailedintotheconstructionsiteofthedam.穿过长江第三峡西陵峡后,轮船驶入大坝建设处的江面。Allthepassengerscameondeck.Wetookpicturesandpointedatthesite,butweweren'tallowedtogetofftheboat.所有的乘客都上了甲板,大家拍照片,对着工地指指点点,但不可以下船。TheChineseflagwasblowinginthewind.五星红旗在风中飘扬着。Onadistantmountainwasasignin20-footcharacters."BuildtheThreeGorgesDam,ExploittheYangtzeRiver,"itsaid.远山上写着20英尺大的汉字"建造三峡大坝,开发长江资源"

6.必修四Module6TheMonsteroftheLakeTianchi天池里的怪物
The"MonsterofLakeTianchi"intheChangbaiMountainsinJilinprovince,northeastChina,isbackinthenewsafterseveralrecentsightings.在最近儿次露面后,中国东北吉林省长白山的"天池怪物"又成了新闻。Thedirectorofalocaltouristoffice,MengFanying,saidthemonster,whichseemedtobeblackincolor,wastenmetersfromtheedgeofthelakeduringthemostrecentsighting.据当地的的旅游办室主任盂凡迎介绍,最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方,怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。"Itjumpedoutofthewaterlikeaseal---about200peopleonChangbai'swesternpeaksawit,"hesaid.他说:"大约有两百多人从长白山的西峰看见过怪物,它像海豹一样跃出水面。"Althoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthemysteriouscreature,Xuejunlin,alocalphotographer,claimedthatitsheadlookedlikeahorse.尽管谁也没有清楚这神秘怪物的真面目,但当地一位摄影师薛俊林声称:怪物的头看起来像马头。"
Inanotherrecentsighting,agroupofsoldiersclaimtheysawananimalmovingonthesurfaceofthewater.最近另有一次,一群战士证实:他们看见湖的水面上有东西在游动。Thesoldiers,whowerewalkingalongthesideofthelake,watchedthecreatureswimmingforabouttwominutes.正在湖边行走的战士看见怪物游弋了大约两分钟。"Itwasgreenish-blackandhadaroundheadwithlo-centimeterhorns",oneofthe

soldierssaid.其中一名战士说;"怪物的颜色浅绿带黑,圆形的头上有十厘米左右的角。"
AthirdreportcamefromLiXiaohe,whowasvisitingthelakewithhisfamily.又一次报导来自李小和,当时他和家人正在湖边游玩。Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.Afterthreeorfourhundredmetersitdivedintothewater.他说他看见圆形黑色的东西在湖面快速游过三四百米后潜人水中。Tenminuteslaterthemonsterappearedagainandrepeatedtheaction.十分钟后,怪物再次出现,并重复了相同的动作。Mr.LiXiaohesaidthatheandhisfamilywereabletoseethemonsterclearlybecausetheweatherwasfineandthelakewascalm.小和先生说他和家人看清楚了怪物,因为当时天气好,湖水平静。
TherehavebeenreportsofmonstersinLakeTianchisincethebeginningofthelastcentury,althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.自上世纪初以来,一直就有关于天池怪物的报导,尽管还不曾有人近距离目睹过。Somephotoshavebeentakenbuttheyarenotclearbecauseitwastoofaraway.虽然拍有怪物的一些照片,但由于距离太远,看起来模糊不清。ManypeoplethinkthemonstermaybeadistantcousinoftheLochNessmonsterinScotland.许多人认为,天池里的怪物或许是苏格兰尼斯湖中怪物的远亲。Theyalsothinkthattheremightbesimilarcreaturesinotherlakesaroundtheworld.他们还认为,在世界其他地方的湖泊中可能也有类似的怪物。Scientists,however,areskeptical.然而,科学家们表示怀疑。Theysaythatthelow-temperaturelakeisunlikelytobeabletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.他们说,温度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。
LakeTianchiisthehighestvolcaniclakeintheworld.Itis2,189metreshighandcoversanareaofabouttensquareplacesitismorethan370metresdeep.天池是世界上最高的火山湖,海拔2189米,面积有10平方公里,有的地方水深达370米。


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