桃花源记英文译本对比与赏析

发布时间：2021-01-06



原 文 译文




林语堂


戴维斯
Giles






..
译文比较
晋太元中，武陵人
捕鱼为业； 缘溪行，
During the reign of Taiyuan of Chin, there was a fisherman of Wuling. One day he was walking along a bank.


During the
During the reign of Tai Yuan of Tsin Dynasty, a certain fisherman of Wuling, who had followed up one of the river branches without taking note whither he was going, came suddenly upon a grove of peach-trees in full bloom, extending some distance on each bank, with not a tree of any other kind in sight.


林译简单易懂，翻译得意忘形；戴译表达地道，更易被目标读者所 接 受 ; Gelies 的译文摆脱原文结构的束缚，表达地道，生动形象，但部分过于脱离原文。


Tailyuan

period(376-396B C of Jin, a man of Wuling, a
who
made his living as
fisherman,
a
forgetful
ascended stream,
忘路之远近。
of the distance he travelled.





赏析
译文多为短句，


简单通畅，“以 捕鱼为业” 译为
“ fisherman ”简练地道。“忘路之远近” 并入下一句翻译， 打破原文结构， 得意忘形。


译文将“晋太元中”译文亦为较长的复合句， 并将译为“ During “忽逢桃花林。 夹岸数百步，
the Tailyuan 中无杂树” 合并于此句，一气period(376-396B

呵成， 表明了译者的英语功底之深厚。 但“数百步”译为“ some distance ”意思不明确。“桃花林”译为“ a

C of Jin,”较为地道，且注明时间，使读者更易理

解。译文为一个较长的复合句，

grove of peach-trees in full bloom ”生动形象。
更符合目标读者的习惯。


忽逢桃花林。
After having gone a certain

Suddenly
came upon
he
a
林译根据原文意


思，使用增译技 巧，且将原文句 子合并，译文连 贯通畅，但部分 翻译与原文意思 不符；戴译使用 短句，且表达简 练，译文生动形
象，较符合语境。
distance, suddenly
he grove of peach came trees in blossom.
which upon a peach grove the extended along bank for about a hundred yards.
赏析

译者根据原文意思，增译

译文按照原文，将此句单独翻译 。 来作后



“ After having 用 “ in blossom ”gone a certain

distance, ”且将此句与下文 “夹岸数百步” 相合


置定语修饰“ a

grove of peach
trees ”， 形象 生
;.



..
并，将“数百步” 动。且较符合当 译为“ about a 时场景。


hundred yards ” 不符合原文意 思。
夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。












He noticed with surprise that the grove magic from mingling
brushwood,whil e the beautifully grassy was with
its had
They lined the banks for several a hundred
paces: them
no other
The beauty of the scene and the exquisite perfume of the flowers filled the heart of the fisherman with surprise, as he proceeded onwards, anxious to reach the limit of this lovely grove.
林译根据原文意思，部分增添句子，表达恰当，但部分误译；林译表达较为准确； Giles 译文，上下文关系理解错误。
effect, so among
free
were
singularly
the usual kinds of tree. The
of fragrant herbage
was fresh beautiful;
and fallen lay in


ground blossom covered profusion.

rose







赏析


petals.

译文颠倒句子结构，增译“ the


译文符合原文意思，此处意思应该是渔人看到

grove had a
且表达简练、准确、此番美景后很诧异，
遂“复地道。
前行，欲穷其林” ，其中隐

magic effect ”形 象具体。 但此处 “落英” 应指桃
花瓣，译为“ rose
含递进或因果关系， 而译文

用 as 连接两句， 表示并列，并没有准确表达其中的关

系。
petals ”实为不妥。

复前行，欲穷其林。
He went further The freshman, in to explore, and extreme wonder, when he came to again


林译“ explore”


一词用的较好， 行文简练，意思 表达准确；戴译 译文准确流畅。
went the end of the forward, wishing grove, he saw a to go to the end of spring

the grove.
which came from a cave in the hill.




赏析
此处“ explore”

译文将“渔人甚 异之”与下文句 子合并，句子流 畅，意思清晰准
用的恰到好处，


表现了当时渔
人看到美景后，
想要继续向前 探索桃花林的 奥秘。且将后句 合并，较为流


确。
;.



..
畅，表达简练， 且 “ a spring which


came


from a cave in

the hill ”表达较 为详细准确。
林尽水源，便得一山。


The grove ended source, and there he found a hill.
He found that the peach 译文均准确地道 trees
at the stream ’s ended where the
water began, at the foot of a hill;



赏析



译文地道， 准确。 译文准确。
noticed
there
In the hill was a small from
opening which
a


山有小口， 仿佛若有光，便舍船从口入。


Having that
and there he espied what seemed to be a cave with light issuing from it.
林译意思表达较为具体准确；戴译句子地道，行文流畅； Giles 译文简练准确。
seemed to be a weak light in the cave, he tied up his boat and decided to go in and explore.
将“舍船”译为 “ he tied up his


light seemed to come. So he left his
boat
and
went in through the opening. 译文较为地道， 连词“ so”较好
地表达了其中的 因果关系。
赏析


译文准确简练。


boat ” 较 为 准 确。又用了

“ explore ” 一词，意思表达的淋漓尽致。

总结 总体来说，林译对原文理解透彻，用词精确，句子通俗易懂，体现了其中英文功底


深厚， 但部分词译不准确； 戴译句子更为地道， 行文连贯， 用词得当， 长短句结合，
读起来朗朗上口； Giles 译文不拘泥于原文， 表达地道， 但部分词及上下文关系不够精确。



;.



..
第二段




原 文 译文
林语堂


戴维斯 Giles 译文比较
初极狭，才通人。

At very

first


the At first it was very wide man to go in. some

was So he made fast his boat, narrow, and crept in through a
entrance,
which
林译生动形象； 戴译准确具体， 用词精确，表达 形象地道； Giles 此处译文与原文 不符，且句子读 起来繁琐拖拉。


复行数十步，豁然


opening barely person After
a
steps, it light.





narrow, barely allowing a narrow
开朗。


to pass, but shortly ushered him into a
new world of level country,
tens
of of fine pools, and of came luxuriance of mulberry and
bamboo.







enough for one as he went on for
dozen paces, it
of air, upon
level and with stately


opened out into the open
lands wide





into a flood




houses of a

appearance.

赏析


“豁然开朗” 译 将下句“土地平 为“ it opened into a flood of











译文“ made fast his boat ” 与原文的“弃船”不符，且 后面的“ a new world of level country, of fine pools, and of luxuriance of mulberry and bamboo ”出现多个 of，表 达冗赘，且描写的不够形 象。



旷，屋舍俨然” 与上句合并，在 形容静态景物， 表达地道。






light ”形象生动。 句子中作状语，

土地平旷，屋舍俨

He saw before There fine
and

fields Highways of traffic ran north
sounds of
of crowing cocks and and dogs were
此处译文戴译最 为精确、生动、
然，有良田、 美池、


his eyes a wide, level valley, with houses There

beautiful and south;
pools, clumps bamboos.


barking 形象，且译文表
和 Giles 译文相 比较则显得生硬 平淡无味。


桑竹之属，阡陌交

and mulberries were field

heard around; 达地道，而戴译
通，鸡犬相闻。其


fields and farms.

The the dress of the people who dykes passed along or were at

中往来种，男女衣着，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
bamboos mulberries; farmers working dogs chickens running



and intersected; were dogs barked and each other. and clothes of about. who

work in the fields was of a strange cut; while young to and old alike appeared to be
cocks crowed and
The contented and happy. the








were men and women
came
went,

and

The dresses of



planted

;.





the men and and were among

worked
them


women outside and appeared happy contented.




like those of the and the old men
were entirely like outside.

world, those of people
The
children white-haired and
very the children with and their hair in tufts
happily
enjoyed
themselves. 将“其中往来种， 男女衣着，悉如 外人”以定语从 句方式表达，意 思明确，简练地 道。另外“怡然
赏析


译文过于直白， 缺少形象具体 的描绘词汇， 如 “阡陌交通， 鸡 犬相闻” 直接译 为 “ farmers were
此处译文多为被动， 与另外 两个译文相比， 则不能更好 地显示出原文所述场景的 形象生动。


working 自 得 ” 译
’happily and dogs and 为

chickens were enjoyed


running about ” 显得平淡无味。
见渔人，乃大惊，
They



themselves. ” 也 较为贴切。










..
were When they saw
the
the and him
fisherman,
and
to they were greatly
surprised

One of


greatly
问所从来， 具答之。


astonished see


inhabitants,
此处译文整体来catching sight of the 看，戴译相比较fisherman, was greatly 更胜一筹。 astonished;
but,
after
the

便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。



fisherman asked where

asked from what learning where he came, place he came. insisted on When their
he


carrying him some





he had
told
had all
home, and killed a chicken and
placed
wine
before him.






come from. The answered fisherman invited to homes,
questions,
them and was they invited him
their to come back to where their

home,
wine was served and chicken was killed for to him.

where they set out wine, killed a

dinner chicken
a
The When

and meal. the
entertain made


villagers hearing villagers heard of of his coming all came to see him and to talk.
赏析

this man, they all came to pay their respects.


译文中“ where wine was served
译文中多使用主 动，形象具体。
根据原文，此处主语应为 “村中的人 （复数）”，而此


;.







and chicken was killed for dinner to

“问讯”译为 “ came to pay their respects ”过
entertain
him ”改为主动 于发挥译者的主 形式则更好。 动性。 “问讯” 指打听 消息，此处翻译 为 “ come talk ”过于牵强。
自云先世避秦时乱，







to








处译文主语用单数则略微

不妥。此处“问讯”译为

“ turned out to see the



visitor ” 也 未 明 确 表 明 。

“ placed some wine before



him”未表明款待热情之意，
过于平淡。



..
They said that They their ancestors that as refugees

told him

Before long, all the people of the place had turned out to see the visitor, and they informed him that their ancestors had sought refuge here, with their wives and families, from the troublous times of the house of Chin, adding that they had thus become finally cut off from the rest of human race. They then enquired about the politics of the day, ignorant of dynasty, and of course of the later dynasties which had succeeded it.


相比较，戴译则最为地道。且朝代加注时间，避免因文化差异而造成的理解困惑。
their
率妻子邑人来此绝境，had come 不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。


here ancestors, fleeing
to from the troubles
the Qin



escape from the during tyranny of Tsin period Shih-huang Wall some hundred ago, and They were completely off
from



(221BC--208BC, had brought their



(builder of Great
six wives and and to
years children

they neighbours

had never left it. this inaccessible
thus spot and had not cut gone the Thus


out again.
the establishment of Han

they
world, the

and became cut off
people They what it was that there been Han

asked what was from dynasty even heard (two
ruling outside. now. asked
They had not dynasty the Han Dynasty

of now: they did not
know had
centuries to

before two (206 BC--220AD, after nor of courts Wei
to (220--265AD or
Jin.








centuries Christ, not (third

speak of the Wei
century
A.D. and the Chin (third and fourth
赏析




centuries.
此处“秦”的译 文应该注明时 间，便于目标读
译文 “ Qin period (221BC--208BC， Han



译文简练地道， 但缺乏朝代时间的标注，
可能会导致目(206 标读者对原文理解不透彻。


;.



..
者 理 解 清 晰 。 BC--220AD, nor “
the
Han of


courts Wei
Dynasty (two (220--265AD”均
centuries before to two centuries after Christ, not to speak of the Wei
century
加注时间，使读 者理解更为清 晰，值得提倡。
(third
A.D.
and the Chin
(third and fourth centuries ”解释 较为详细， 但注 明时间则会更 好。


此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。



The told which

fisherman
them,
The told

fisherman And when the fisherman them all he told them the story, they item and


戴译相比更加完 整准确，且句子 简单易懂，最具 可读性。林译和 Giles 的译 文 均 有部分漏译或表 达不够贴合原文 意思，且逻辑性 不强。


they knew,
item,

by grieved over the vicissitudes at of human affairs. Each in they turn invited the fisherman grief. to his home and entertained
in him hospitably, until at their take his leave.
all



heard with great amazement. Many other invite turn wine.

of

everything
the sighed with
The turn him

villagers him and


others to
then began to
to
also invited length the latter prepared to
their homes by homes, and him dinner
赏析
and food.




feed set out wine and



“一一” 未翻译 出来，“叹惋” 是指惋惜， 此处 译 为 “ great



译文较为准确、 地道。






“余人”未翻译。且在 “ each”前加上表示时间顺 序的连词则会读起来更加 流畅且更贴近于原文意思。


with


amazement ”则 不太完整。
总结
总体来说，戴维斯的译文版本最好，表达地道，意思完整，用词精确，生动形象；
林译语言功底也较为深厚， 但部分用词不够精确， Giles 的译文简练， 但缺乏生动性，部分逻辑性不强。



;.

桃花源记英文译本对比与赏析

推荐内容

相关推荐