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发布时间：1714317931
PhilosophicalandLogicalExcerptfromLoveIsaFallacy
1.DictoSimpliciter绝对判断
Meaning:anargumentbasedonanunqualifiedgeneralization.
Example:Exerciseisgood.Thereforeeverybodyshouldexercise(fallacy.Forinstance,ifyouhaveheartdisease,exerciseisbad,notgood.Thisisanunqualifiedgeneralization
2.HastyGeneralization草率结论
Meaning:Definesomethingwithoutenoughevidenceanddecidetodosomethingtoohastily.
Example:YoucannotspeakFrench.PeteyBellowscannotspeakFrench.ImustthereforeconcludethatnobodyinUMNcanspeakFrench.(FallacyThe
generalizationisreachedtoohastily.Therearetoofewinstancestosupportsuchaconclusion.
3.PostHoc牵强附会
Meaning:connecttwototallydifferent,separateandincomparablethingsthathavenomutualreferences.
Example:LetusnottakeBillonourpicnic.Everytimewetakehimoutwithus,
itrains.(FallacyBilldoesn'tcausetherain.Hehasnoconnectionwiththerain.YouareguiltyofPostHocifyoublameBill.
4.ContradictoryPremises矛盾前提
Meaning:twomutualpremisesthatmustbefollowedarecontradictory.
Example:Godsaidhecoulddoanythinghecando.Andhecreatedahugestonethathecannotlift.Isittrue?(FallacyThetwopremisesarecontradictory.Becausegodcandoanything,heiscertainlybeingabletocreatethestonewhichhecannotlift.However,becausehecandoanything,hemustbeabletoliftthestone.Hereisthecontradiction.
Note:Whenthepremisesofanargumentcontradicteachother,thereisnoargument.Ifthereisirresistibleforce,thereisnoimmovableobject.Ifthereisanimmovableobject,thereisnoirresistibleforce.
5.AdMisericordiam文不对题
Meaning:theanswerhasnorelationwiththequestionorrequire
Example:Amanappliesforajob.Whenthebossaskshimwhathis
qualificationsare,herepliesthathehasawifeandsicchildrenathome,thewifeisahelplesscripple,thechildrenhavenothingtoeat,noclothestowear,noshoesontheirfeet,therearebedsinthehouse,nocoalinthecellar,andwinteriscoming.
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