【英语】高一英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

    Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

    The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds.

    Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle.

    The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

    In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

    Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.”

    The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike          .

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly         B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams         D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed

（2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that          .

A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable               B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique         D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height

（3）The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to.

A. the jet stream                  B. the engine                  C. the Jetpack                  D. the parachute

（4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.         B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.         D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实。然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题。文中介绍了两家飞器公司都关注安全性问题。

（1）细节理解题。第五段最后一句可知，the Jetpack.可飞行30分钟，高达1000米，而不是Hoverbike，故B错误， 根据第四段可知C项说有将可能首先应用于由警察和应急救援队，而不是已用于，故C错误。根据第二段最后the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。分析选项可知，A说不能快速进入小空间，故错误。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输。即D正确。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的。安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了了安全性，非常类似于Formula One赛车。分析选可知A项（Jetpack安全可靠）符合题意，故答案选A。

（3）猜测词义题。根据最后一段Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude …., Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。由此可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞)  故答案选D。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了这种飞行器的问题最重要的是安全问题。分析选项，可知A项描述发明飞行器的问题，符合题意，故答案选A。

【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：

1）语义转换题--跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。

2）生活应用题--常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。

3）细节排序题--首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

4）寻找信息题--题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。

2．阅读理解

    The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists (人类学家). Descriptions like "Palaeolithic (旧石器时代的) Man". "Neolithic (新石器时代的) Man",etc. neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label "Legless Man". Histories of the time will go something like this: "in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. And the surprising thing is that they didn't use their legs even when they went on holiday."

    The future history books might also record that we were deprived (剥夺) of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird's-eye view of the world. When you travel by car or train, an unclear picture of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, especially, are mixed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says "I've been there." You mention the remotest, and someone is bound to say "I've been there"-meaning, "I drove through it at100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else."

    When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical tiredness. He knows that sound, satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travelers.

（1）Anthropologists label man nowadays "Legless Man" because _____.

A. people prefer cars, buses and trains               B. people use their legs less and less

C. lifts prevent people from walking                   D. people travel without using legs

（2）According to the passage, what might make people lose the right of using their eyes?

A. the modern means of transportation.            B. A bird's-eye view of the world.

C. The unclear sight from the vehicles.               D. The fast-paced life style.

（3）From the passage, we know traveling at high speeds means _______.

A. appreciating beautiful scenery                        B. experiencing life skills

C. focusing on the next destination                    D. feeling physical tiredness

（4）What does the author intend to tell us?

A. Modern transportation devices have replaced legs.         B. Traveling makes the world a small place.

C. Human's history develops very fast.               D. The best way to travel is on foot.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于种种现代化交通设施，人们不需用脚走路，甚至也不需要用眼看风景，出门就坐汽车、公交车、地铁、飞机……  汽车、飞机速度飞快，外边的景物难以看清，最终导致人们忘记用脚、用眼，成为“无脚之人”，一切都经历不到。作者建议最佳的旅游方法是徒步——经历现实。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this:"in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. And the surprising thing is that they didn't use their legs even when they went on holiday."可知，人类学家给人类贴上了“无腿人”的标签，因为人们使用腿越来越少了。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The future history books might also record that we were deprived (剥夺) of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird's-eye view of the world.” 可知，根据这篇文章，快节奏的生活方式会让人们失去使用眼睛的权利。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place.”可知，我们知道高速旅行意味着关注下一个目的地。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical tiredness. He knows that sound, satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travelers.”可知，旅行的最好方法是步行。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

    I am astonished at the way God knows when to send a special gift of encouragement at just the right time! It might be in a dream, a lost letter, a memory, or something found that we'd forgotten about.

    My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. And summer after summer I enjoyed staying with my grandparents as a young child. I was from the city and loved the small town where they lived. People knew everyone, their children, their pets, their ancestors.

    Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting …She would make sandwiches and we'd have tea parties, plant flowers and carefully tend them. She loved knitting sweaters as well as making beautiful quilts　for her grandchildren. I remember the small thimble ( 顶 针 ) she would place on her finger while doing her needlework.

    A few years ago, when Grandma left this earth for her new residence in Heaven, I bid farewell to my loving grandmother. How quickly our lives can change! We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday. I missed her very much, but I noticed it mostly on my birthdays, because there was no card from Grandma. She'd never forgotten my birthday!

    On one particular birthday when I was feeling a little low, something happened and made me feel as if she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging some colorful pillows that she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow; it was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam (缝) that I carefully opened, and, to my delight, out came a tiny silver thimble!

    How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her! Not realizing k had fallen off her finger, I pictured her sewing h into that little pillow that I just happened to fluff (抖松), to place on my bedspread (床罩) that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Id collected over the years. What a precious memory of a very special lady who, somehow, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her thimble into my pillow. I heated the kettle and made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and then enjoyed my tea and Grandma's thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!

（1）In the author's memory, what would her grandmother do?

A. She would make sandwiches and hamburgers for her family.         B. She would wear a thimble for needlework every day.

C. She would make beautiful quilts for money.         D. She would look after the flowers in the garden.

（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The modern world's fast-changing life.          B. The fact that the grandmother had passed away.

C. The author's missing her grandmother.         D. The love the author got from her grandmother.

（3）How did the author feel when she found the thimble?

A. Surprised.                            B. Regretful.                            C. Guilty.                            D. Lonely.

（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Grandma's Thimble                                          B. Grandma's Life Story

C. The Joy of Finding Something Lost                D. The Importance of Putting Things Away

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过祖母生活的点滴及她的银顶针对作者的影响，表达了作者和祖母之间浓浓的亲情。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“She would make sandwiches and we'd have tea parties, plant flowers and carefully tend them.”可知，在作者的记忆中，她的祖母会照看花园里的花。故选D。

（2）考查代词指代。根据第四段中的“I missed her very much, but I noticed it mostly on my birthdays, because there was no card from Grandma. She'd never forgotten my birthday! ”我非常想念她，但我大部分时间都是在我生日那天注意到的，因为奶奶没有卡片。她永远不会忘记我的生日！由此可知it指“作者想念她的祖母。”故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“to my delight, out came a tiny silver thimble!”可知，当她发现顶针时，她感到惊喜。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“I heated the kettle and made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and then enjoyed my tea and Grandma's thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!”可知，本文主题是奶奶的Thimble。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

    While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!

    To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish（喷水鱼）. These animals don't have a sophisticated（复杂的）brain that is necessary to recognize the slight differences between human facial features.

    They began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces. Initially, the fish spit at both. However, they soon learned spitting water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat. After that, they focused primarily on that image. The researchers then took the experiment one step further by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix.

    To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time. And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.

    The results of the study suggest that though having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed high visual discrimination abilities. While it is contrary to the previous theory that a sophisticated brain is necessary to recognize human faces, the researchers believe they do not recognize faces by recalling complex facial information like gender and identity, but more likely by discriminating between detailed  patterns. Even so, the fact that these archerfish could “remember” those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally-thought 3 seconds!

    This is not the first time researchers have realized how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have shown that fish can recognize those fish they have “socialized” with previously, and even recall complex three-dimensional maps of their surroundings.

（1）What is the purpose of the study?

A. To describe archerfish are easy to teach.         B. To tell people archerfish like to be rewarded.

C. To prove archerfish can recognize human faces.         D. To show archerfish can easily develop a habit.

（2）Why did the researchers use black and white images?

A. They could get these images easily.               B. Archerfish got tired of color images.

C. They wanted to make the task more difficult.         D. These images wouldn't get ruined by water.

（3）What conclusion did researchers draw in the study?

A. Archerfish have a 3-second memory.             B. Archerfish could distinguish detailed patterns.

C. Archerfish have a special form of communication.         D. Archerfish could remember complex facial information.

（4）What can we infer from the text?

A. Fish are social animals.                                    B. Fish are as clever as humans.

C. Fish are able to tell different shapes.              D. The results shocked the researchers.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很“聪明”，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段做的“While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!”和第二段做的“To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish(喷水鱼).”可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段做的“And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.”可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了增加这项任务的难度，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段做的“Even so, the fact that these archerfish could ‘remember’ those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally- thought 3 seconds!”可推知喷水鱼可以辨别精细的图案，故选B。(4)考查细节理解。根据第四段做的“To the researcher's astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.”可知研究结果令研究人员非常吃惊，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

    Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free.

    For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims?

    The insects' tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all comes down to scent (气味).

    “Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says Karl-Martin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University.

    According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But research does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.

    “All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培养皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on some of the petri dishes, but didn't go anywhere near the others.”

    Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驱虫剂) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitless. “As far as I know, there is no scientific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that it's possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito comes closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.

（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2?

A. Be equal to.             B. Be accessible to.             C. Be harmful to.             D. Be beneficial to.

（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes?

A. Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.         B. Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.

C. The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.         D. Mosquitoes are arbitrary when it comes to different scents.

（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph?

A. A new strategy is used in researching repellents.         B. Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.

C. Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.         D. The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popular fiction.

（4）Where is the text most probably taken from?

A. Science fiction.           B. A biography.           C. A medical report.           D. A research paper.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了为什么有些人经常受到吸血昆虫的攻击。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. ”对于那些不幸被蚊子叮咬的人来说，夏夜可以成为蚊子叮咬的同义词。也就是说“夏夜等同于蚊子的叮咬”，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,”可知，某些种类的气味对蚊子尤其有吸引力。故选B。

（3）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes.”可知，使用驱虫剂是对付蚊子的有效方法。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free.”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一篇研究论文。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    So many of us hold on to little resentments that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, or some other painful event. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.

    An acquaintance of mine, whose health isn't very good, recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she resisted initially and said, "I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize." She was literally willing to die before reaching out to her only son. After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.

    Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn "small stuff" into really "big stuff" in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.

    You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be "right," they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.

（1）The underlined word "rekindle" in Paragraph 1 probably means "____________".

A. recover                              B. develop                              C. accept                              D. replace

（2）According to the passage, the author's friend never spoke to her son for three years because ____________.  

A. she had got an argument with her daughter-in-law         B. she had disagreed about her son's marriage

C. she had got an argument about her daughter-in-law         D. she had disliked her son's wife for many years

（3）Which of the following is NOT the reason for people to be unwilling to apologize first?  

A. People believe that they are always right.         B. People always wait for others to offer an apology first.

C. People consider the position more important than happiness.         D. People want to get an inner satisfaction.

（4）The purpose of the passage is to ____________.  

A. instruct the readers how to apologize            B. teach the readers how to gain inner peace

C. inform the readers the importance of being forgiving         D. tell the readers to reach out first when there are painful events.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了面对与人们的矛盾时，不要执着于怨恨，伸出你的手来化解它，学会首先向别人道歉，让别人是对的，这并不意味着你是错的。

（1）考查词义猜测。第一段中的“Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us—believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.”固执地说，我们等着别人来找我们——相信这是我们能够原谅或重新点燃友谊或家庭关系的唯一途径。可知rekindle是“恢复”之意，选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first.”她说她和她儿子对他的妻子意见不和，她不会再和他说话除非他先打电话。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy.”我们开始相信我们的地位比我们的幸福更重要。其实不然，如果你想成为一个更爱好和平的人，就必须明白“正确”几乎永远也不会比让自己快乐更重要。可知A、B、C三项都是人们不愿首先道歉的原因，故选D。

（4）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文探讨了面对与人们的矛盾时，应该做主动言和的那个人，这样才能消除心中的怨恨，并且获得幸福，因此本文的目的是告诉读者在发生痛苦的事情时要先主动道歉，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

    Life Is Beautiful is a 1997 Italian film directed by and starring Roberto Benigni. The film was a critical and financial success, winning Benigni the Academy Award for Best Actor as well as the Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

    In 1939 in the Kingdom of Italy, a bookstore keeper Guido, who is a Jew, falls in love with a local school teacher, Dora, who is to be engaged to a rich civil servant. Guido steals her from her engagement party on a horse. Soon they are married and have a son, Giosue.

    In 1945, Guido and his son are forced onto a train and taken to a concentration camp. Despite being a non-Jew, Dora demands to be on the same train to join her family. In the camp, Guido hides their true situation from his son, telling him that the camp is a complicated game in which Giosue must perform the tasks Guido gives him, earning him points；the first team to reach 1,000 points will win a tank.

    Guido uses this game to explain features of the concentration camp that would otherwise be scary for a young child. Despite being surrounded by the misery, sickness and death at the camp, Giosue does not question this fiction because of his father's convincing performance and his own innocence. Guido keeps the story right until the end when, in the chaos（混乱）of shutting down the camp as the Americans approach, he tells his son to stay in a small box until everybody has left, this being the final competition before the tank is his. Guido tries to find Dora, but is caught and killed by a Nazi soldier. As he is taken away to be shot, he maintains the fictions of the game by marching in a goose-step on purpose…

（1）How many Academy Awards does the film win?

A. One                                    B. Two                                    C. Three                                    D. Four

（2）What kind of person is Dora?

A. Loving and responsible.                                   B. Money-loving and foolish.

C. Romantic and hot-headed.                              D. Brave and intelligent

（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Guido lies to make their life more interesting.         B. Giosue regards all that happens as a game.

C. Nazi soldiers killed all the Jews in the camp.         D. Giosue finally knows the truth.

（4）This passage is most probably taken from a(n) ________.

A. game brochure         B. travel journal         C. history book         D. entertainment magazine

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，Life Is Beautiful这部电影一共获得了三个奥斯卡金像奖，作者详细介绍了这部电影的内容。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The film was a critical and financial success, winning Benigni the Academy Award for Best Actor as well as the Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.”可知Life Is Beautiful这部电影一共获得了三个奥斯卡金像奖，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Despite being a non-Jew, Dora demands to be on the same train to join her family.可”知虽然Dora不是犹太人，但是她决定和她的家人一起前往集中营，由此可知Dora非常痴情和负责任，故选A。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Guido tries to find Dora, but is caught and killed by a Nazi soldier. As he is taken away to be shot, he maintains the fictions of the game by marching in a goose-step on purpose…”可知Guido马上就要被一名纳粹士兵杀死了，但他仍然故意走正步，好像在做游戏，由此推断出Giosue把发生的一切都当作一个游戏，故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。本文介绍了Life Is Beautiful这部电影一共获得了三个奥斯卡金像奖，并且作者对于这部电影的内容进行了详细的介绍，所以这篇文章最可能出自一本娱乐杂志，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

    One of the most striking findings of a newly research in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.

    Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? Does modem life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesn't expect his wife to be in (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.

    But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.

    In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never clear，many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster ( 牡蛎), you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.

    But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by the limitations of choice. The expectations of partners are raised to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression.

    We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn't, it should be ended. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don't put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating difficult. The cost of housing and child-raising creates pressure to have a stable income and Career before a life partnership.

（1）What is a contemporary family like in UK today?

A. Couples share the burdens.                             B. Men begin to depend on women.

C. Women are responsible for housework.         D. It is difficult to take care of a family.

（2）Why do people preserve their independence?

A. To live alone happily.                                       B. To have more choices.

C. To avoid marriages.                                          D. To ignore traditions.

（3）What makes it hard for people to date?

A. Mental headache in dating.                            B. The pressure to survive.

C. Bad luck in finding a partner.                          D. The faith between life partners.

（4）What is the author trying to inform us in this text?

A. Perfect marriages conflict with independence.

B. People should, spend more money on marriages.

C. The expectations and reality separate the lovers.

D. Independence is much more important than love.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本人是一篇说明文，美国最新的一项问卷调查发现，50%的人觉得找到相伴一生的另一半很困难，作者从工作经济压力以及对配偶要求过高等因素进行了分析。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesn't expect his wife to be in sole (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children.”可知现在的女子在经济上独立，男子也不能指望女子负责所有的家务和养孩子。说明现在是夫妻双方共同承担负担。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.”可知，人们认为独自生活也很好这种观念使得人们不愿意放弃他们的独立生活。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Twelve-hour work at the office makes relaxed after-hours dating(约会) difficult.”可知12小时的工作使得人们约会变得很困难，繁忙的工作花费了人们太多的精力。故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。文章主要分析现在的人们为什么很难找到生活伴侣，其原因可能主要是对对方的期望过高以及经济压力较大的现实。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

    There are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10, 000 of them are located in London.

    The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.

    Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.

    Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water, but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.

    There is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.

（1）What does the underlined word "alternative" in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Creative.

B.Enjoyable.

C.Non — traditional.

D.Primitive.

（2）From the third paragraph, we know that it is              to live on the boat.

A.inconvenient

B.easy

C.boring

D.unforgettable

（3）Which of the following information is not given in the text?

A.There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain.

B.Many people live on houseboats in Wales.

C.Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.

D.People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours.

（4）Why do many people choose to live on the water?

A.living on the water is romantic

B.living on the water is easy and natural

C.living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours

D.living on the water costs less than living on the land

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。可知A项正确；第二段中的“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，可知C项正确；以及最后一段中的“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

International Volunteering in New Zealand

    If you're visiting New Zealand and would like to volunteer, DOC (Department of Concentration) welcomes you to get involved.

    Before you come to New Zealand

    You do not need a work visa to volunteer with DOC. You ran volunteer on entry to New Zealand as long as you do not receive payment or benefits.

    You may need a police certificate

    Depending on the volunteer work you do with us, you may be required to provide a police certificate to DOC. Your police certificate would need to be written and certified in English. It's easier for you if you get a police certificate before you leave your country.

    How to get a new police certificate if you're already in New Zealand. (Click here)

    International students

    Volunteering with DOS is an option to gain experience. However, DOC does not offer opportunities to students who study at:

    universities outside New Zealand, or other education providers outside New Zealand.

    Insurance

    For all volunteers with DOC, we strongly advise you gel comprehensive (综合的) travel insurance and unlimited medical cover. DOC does not accept responsibility for any:

    personal medical or accident events.

    loss or damage to personal items of equipment, or other associated costs while you're volunteering with DOC.

（1）What may you offer to DOC if you want to volunteer as a foreigner in New Zealand?

A.A work visa.

B.A police certificate

C.A university diploma.

D.A driver license.

（2）Who cannot volunteer with DOC in New Zealand?

A.An American official who is travelling in New Zealand.

B.A Chinese businessman with some volunteering experiences.

C.A Chinese exchange student in the University of Auckland in New Zealand.

D.An English college student who has just been visiting his uncle in New Zealand for a few days.

（3）Where is this passage probably from?

A.A story book.

B.A newspaper.

C.A website.

D.A travel guide book.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是新西兰的DOC部门发布的一则招募志愿者的公告。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Depending on the volunteer work you do with us, you may be required to provide a police certificate to DOC.”可知，根据志愿者所从事的工作，志愿者可能需要向DOC提供警察开具的证明。即如果你想在新西兰以外国人的身份从事志愿者活动，你可以向DOC提供警察开具的证明。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据International students 部分中的“However, DOC does not offer opportunities to students who study at universities outside New Zealand, or other education providers outside New Zealand.”DOC不会为在新西兰以外的大学及其他教育机构学习的学生提供做志愿者的机会。可知，一位来到新西兰叔叔家做客几天的英国大学生不能在新西兰参与DOC的志愿者活动。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If you're visiting New Zealand and would like to volunteer, DOC (Department of Concentration) welcomes you to get involved.”可知，这是新西兰的DOC部门发布的一则招募志愿者的公告；在根据You may need a police certificate部分中的“How to get a new police certificate if you're already in New Zealand. (Click here)”可 知，如果你已经在新西兰，请点击这里了解如何获得新的警察证明。由此可知，这则公告发布在了一个网站上。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一则公告，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

[英语]高一英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题