Writing Skills--- 观点论证型写作

什么是观点论证型作文？

观点论证型作文一般要求考生根据题目所给论点，按照提纲要求，通过摆事实、讲道理的方式对论点进行论证。

基本结构： 1. 提出要论证的论点；

2. 提出论据对其进行论证；

3. 表明自己的立场和看法。

写作思路（三段式）：

1. 提出观点段

引言句（背景）+主题句 （论点）+ 扩展句（正确性表现）+结尾句

2. 论证观点段

主题句 + 扩展句一（论据一） + 扩展句二（论据二） + 扩展句三（论据三）

3. 总结观点段

主题句 + 扩展句（正确态度或做法） + 结尾句

模板一

1. It is true that 普遍的不恰当的观点.

2. However, 不同的观点.

3. I think 我的观点.

4. My reasons/ arguments for this point can be listed as follows.

5. firstly, 论据一.

6. 进一步阐述论据一.

7. Secondly, 论据二.

8. For example, 支持论据二的事例。

9. Thirdly, 论据三。

10. A case in point is 支持论据三的事例。

11. It goes without saying / there is no doubt that 重申观点。

12. Therefore, 与该观点相符的做法和态度

模板二

1. It is well known that 论点.

2. The truth of it is self-evident.

3. No one can deny that 观点的正确性.

4. Therefore, 总结句。

5. Many remarkable facts contribute to this argument.

6. First of all, 论据一。

7. For example, 支持论据一的事例。

8. What’s more, 论据二。

9. Besides, 论据三。

10. All mentioned above tell us that 重申观点。

11. 正确的做法和态度。

12. therefore, we can reasonably conclude that 总结全文。

Example 1：It pays to be honest

1) 当前社会存在许多不诚实的现象

2) 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实

Nowadays there still exist many dishonesties, such as cheating, over-charging, fake commodities, etc. , which ruin our moral life. It is true that being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to ourselves. No one can deny that honesty is a traditional virtue of Chinese people. Therefore, we should value honesty highly.

Many remarkable reasons contribute to this argument. First of all, honesty can build up a more stable society. For example, Singapore, which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity正直，诚实； 完整 , has a comparatively low criminal rate. What’s more, honesty can make our life easier and more harmonious. Besides, only honest people can be truly respected by others and can have more friends.

All mentioned above tells us that being honest is of benefit to both state and the individual. Therefore, there is no denying that we should foster the spirit of honesty and let dishonesty have no place to stay in our society. In a word, laying stress on honesty will become one of the public morals(社会公德，社会风气) in our society.

Example 2：Haste Makes Waste

● 为什么说”欲速则不达”

● 试举例说明.

1) It is believed that haste makes waste. 2) The truth is deep and profound. 3) As we know, the more hasty we are, the more slowly we achieve the final goal. 4) I addition, if we only emphasize speed but neglect the quality of our work, we will get the opposite result.

5) A case in point is the final examination. 6) People who answered the questions on sheet in haste may find more directions (指示，命令) are neglected. 7) It is true that those students might also find many mistakes in their answers when they check the sheets. 8) consequently, they will get a score much lower than usual.

9) All mentioned above tells us that haste makes waste.10) As a matter of fact, carrying out a calculated plan step by step will make us work more effectively. 11) There is no denying that we can get a good score in exams only in this way. 12) In short, whatever we do, we should attain a balance between the speed and the quality.

Example 3: Don't Hesitate to Say "No"

● 1.别人请求帮忙时,在什么情况下我们会说 ‘不’;

● 2.为什么有些人在该说‘不’的时侯不说‘不’;

● 3.该说‘不’时不说 ‘不’的坏处。

1) lt’s well known that we should not hesitate to say "No" on many occasions. 2) The truth of it is self-evident. 3) No one can deny that when we are unable to offer help, we should say "No”. 4) Therefore, a direct reply "No" should be frequently used to avoid misunderstanding among us.

5) Many examples can be found to prove that it is not easy to say "No" in our real lives. 6) Take our behaviors as a typical example. 7) People prefer to say "Yes" when they should say "No” for fear of hurting others. 8) Furthermore, people usually think their refusal means their inability in front of their friends and relatives.

9) It goes without saying that we should be ready to help others if we are able to. 10) Then, we should realize the necessity of saying "No" politely when we refuse others. 1l) There is no doubt that everybody should show cautious respect to others when they say "No". 12 )In conclusion, only in this way can we live more harmoniously with others.

Example 4: Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?

● 大学生应该打击犯罪行为吗？

● 说说你的看法

Nowadays, more and more college students are becoming enthusiastic about the healthy development of the society. They even participate in the fight against the criminality at the risk of their lives, which has caused a loft of debate among the media. So far as I am concerned, the college students should be very careful in their combat against the criminality for several reasons.

On the one hand, the college students should take their studies as the priority in the four-year campus life. Since they are the very prime of their life and time is so precious, they need to concentrate on their development and improvement of the skills for a bright future career. Besides, the society has placed too much expectation on them. On the other hand, the college students should deal with the criminality with more strategies. In other words, when they meet the criminals in real life, they can appeal to the authorities like the police for help. Only in this way can they fight effectively and protect themselves in the mean time.

In conclusion, the college students are supposed to fight against the criminality in an effective but safe manner instead of risking their lives.

点评 ： 本篇文章属于观点论证型作文首段描述了大学生打击犯罪行为这种行为，并给出作者自己的观点—大学生在打击犯罪行为时应当深思熟虑，理智并机智得应对罪犯。后面一段具体分析了原因，展开论证。最后总结自己的观点。

Homework

● Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Development and Environment. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline ( given in Chinese ) below:

● 发展与环境的关系;

● 试举例说明.

观点论证型写作