汽车专业英语单词和翻译重点

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1.anunderstandingofhowthesystemsworkhelpyouunderstandhowtheautomobileworks.了解各系统如何工作有助于了解汽车是如何工作的。
2.thesesupportthevehicleandcushionitfromroadbumpsforbetterrideandhandling.它们支撑着车身,并缓解由于路面不平引起的颠簸,以获得更好的乘坐舒适型和操作稳定性。3.Thepurposeofanautomobileengineistosupplythepowerneededtomovethevehicle.汽车发动机的功用是提供汽车行驶所需的动力
4.Theinternalcombustionengineisadeviceusedtoconvertthechemicalenergyofthefuelintoheatenergy.andthenconvertthisheatenergyintousablemechanicalenergy.内燃机是一种将燃料的化学能转化为热能,再把热能转化为可利用的机械能的装置。5.Theamountofair/fuelmixtureallowedtoenterthecylinderdeterminesthepowerandspeeddevelopedbytheengine.进入汽缸中的可燃混合气体的数量,决定了该发动机的功率和转速。
6.Reducingfrictiontominimizewearandlossofpoweristheprimaryjobalubricationsystemmustperform.减少摩擦,降低磨损和动力损失是润滑系统必须完成的主要工作。7.Theclutchwhichincludestheflywheel,clutchdisc,pressureplate,springs,coverandthelinkagenecessarytooperatetheclutchisarotatingmechanismbetweentheengineandtransmission.离合器是位于发动机和变速器之间的一个旋转装置,它包括飞轮,离合器摩擦片,压盘。压紧弹簧。离合器盖以及操作离合器所需要的连接杆件等。8.TostarttheengineOrshiftthegear,thedriverhastodepresstheclutchpedalwiththepurposeofdisengagementthetransmissionfromtheengine.atthattime.thedrivenmembersconnectedtothetransmissioninputshaftareeitherstationaryorrotatingataspeedthatisslowerorfasterthanthedrivingmembersconnectedtotheenginecrankshaft.为了启动发动机或换挡,驾驶员必须踩下离合器踏板以便于实现变速器和发动机的分离,此时。与变速器输入轴相连的离合器从动件可能处于静止状态,也可能以一定的速度旋转,这一速度可能高于或低于与发动机相连的离合器主动件的旋转速度。
9.eitherway.pushingthepedaldownoperatesthedisengagementmechanismwhichputspressureonthefingersoftheclutchdiaphragmviaareleasebearingandcausethediaphragmtoreleasetheclutchplate.无论采用哪种方式,踩下踏板,操纵分离机构,通过分离轴承对离合器膜片弹簧施加压力。均可以解除膜片弹簧对离合器盘的压紧!10.Themodernautomatictransmissionconsistsofmanycomponentsandsystemsthataredesignedtoworktogetherinasymphonyofplanetarygearsets,thehydraulicsystem,sealsandgaskets.thetorqueconverter,thegovernorandthemodulatororthrottlecableandcomputercontrolthathasevolvedovertheyearsintowhatmanymechanicallyincludedindividualsconsidertobeanartform.自动变速器由许多的部件和系统组成,它们有行星齿轮组,液压系统,密封圈,和密封衬垫,变矩器,油压调节器,调制器,节气门拉索,电子控制装置等,经过精心设计,运作协调,其中的电子控制装置经历了多年的发展,已经巧妙的形式融入了许多人性化的设计。
11..inthisscenario,whenweturntheringgear,theplanetswillwalkalongthesungear(whichisheldstationarycausingtheplanetcarriertoturntheoutputshaftinthesamedirectionastheinputshaftbutataslowerspeedcausinggearreduction(similartoacarinthefirstgear
.在这种情况下,当转动齿圈,行星齿轮将沿着被固定的太阳轮运行,从而行星齿轮架带动输出轴以与输入轴相同方向的旋转但速率较小,来实现减速(类似于普通变速器的一档)

12..Thefinaldriveassemblyalsoprovidegearreductionsothatthedrivewheelsspinmoreslowlythanthedriveshaft.主减速器总成具有减速作用,因而驱动轮要比传动轴转的慢。
13.brakesareactuallyenergyconversiondevices,whichconvertthekineticenergy(momentumofthevehicleintothermalenergy(heat.whensteppingonthebrakes,thedrivercommandsastoppingforcetentimesaspowerfulastheforcethatputsthecarinmotion.制动器实际上就是能量转换装置,它讲汽车的动能转化为热能,当驾驶员踩下制动踏板,所产生的制动力是汽车运动时动力的十倍。
16.thetypicalbrakesystemconsistsofdiskbrakesinfrontandeitherdiskordrumbrakesintherearconnectedbyasystemoftubesandhosesthatlinkthebrakeateachwheeltothemastercylinder.常见的制动系统布置有前后盘式,前盘后鼓式,各个车轮上的制动器通过一套管路系统连接到制动主缸上。
14..Theparkingbrakesystemcontrolstherearbrakesthroughaseriousofsteelcablesthatareconnectedtoeitherahandleverorafootpedal.theideaisthatthesystemisfullymechanicalandcompletelybypassesthehydraulicsystemsothatthevehiclecanbebroughttoastopevenifthereisatotalbrakefailure.驻车制动系统通过一套与操纵手柄与踏板相连的钢缆来操纵后轮制动器,这套系统是机械式的,且与液压系统并联,从而保证在整个液压制动系统失灵的情况下汽车也能实现制动。
15..onmostcars,ittakesthreetofourcompleterevolutionsofthesteeringwheeltomakethewheelsturnfromlocktolock(fromfarlefttofarright
对于大多数汽车来说,使转向轮从一侧的极限位置偏转到嫩一侧的极限位置,(从最左侧到最右侧)转向盘需要转动三到四圈。
16.differenttoothpitch(numberofteethperinchinthecenterthanithasontheoutside.有些汽车采用可变传动比的转向器,在其齿轮齿条机构中,齿条中心与两端的齿距,(每英寸的齿数)不同。
17.insteadoftwistingfurtherintotheblockthewayaregularboltwould,thisboltisheldfixedsothatwhenitspins,itmovestheblock,whichmovesthegearthatturnsthewheels.由于转向螺栓的轴向是固定的,所以螺杆转动时,没有像通常那样螺杆向螺母深处前进,是使螺母沿螺杆轴向移动,从而带动齿扇轴,最后偏转转向轮。
18.asTheVanesspin,theypullhydraulicfluidfromthereturnlineatlowpressureforceitintotheoutletathighpressure.随着叶片的转动,从回油管吸入低压油然后把它压向出油口,以高压油输出。
19.Thecompressedspringwhenforceisremoved,returnstoitsoriginalposition,thedistancethataspringcompressedunderforcedependsontherateofthespring.当压紧力撤除时,被压紧的弹簧恢复到初始状态,在压力作用下,弹簧的压缩变形量取决于该弹簧的刚度。
20..rubberbushingsareplacedbetweentheboltsandthelinks.thesebushingsdampenvibrations.Thelinksholdtheaxleinplaceandkeepitfrommovingfromsidetosideorforwardandbackward.在螺栓和控制壁之间装有橡胶衬套,这些衬套可以缓解振动。这些控制壁确保后桥工作在正确的位置,防止它左右或前后移动。

unit1
body车身chassis底盘enclosure外壳、套hood车棚、车顶sway摇摆frame车架steering转向、操作brake制动weld焊接rivet铆钉bolt螺钉washer垫圈vibration振动stabilizer稳定器ride乘坐舒适性handling操作稳定性linkages转向传动机构plier钳子distributor分电器alternator交流发电机regulator调节器carburetor化油器radiator散热器、水箱defroster除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmission变速器differential差速器powertrain传动系unitizedbody承载式车身suspensionsystem悬架系统steeringsystem转向系brakingsystem制动系shockabsorbers减震器controlarms控制臂steeringwheel转向盘steeringcolumn转向管柱steeringgears转向器tierod横拉杆idlerarm随动臂brakeshoe制动蹄discbrake盘式制动器drumbrakes鼓式制动器ignitionsystem点火系统exhaustsystem排气系统lubricationsystem润滑系oilfilters机油滤清driveorpropellershaft传动轴universaljoints万向节unit2
longitudinal纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate往复spin旋转piston活塞ignite点火rub摩擦quart夸脱reservoir油箱mechanical机械的enclosed被附上的gallon加仑stroke冲程camshaft凸轮轴combustion燃烧disengaged脱离啮合的flywheel飞轮internal-combustionengine内燃机diesel-fuel柴油LPG=LiquefiedPetroleumGas液化石油气体CNG=Compressednaturalgas压缩天然气sparkignition火花点火compressionignition压缩点火sparkplug火花塞gas-turbineengine蒸汽机Stirlingengine斯特灵发动lubricatingsystem润滑系统oilpan油底壳oilpump机油泵exhaustsystem排气系统emission-controlsystem排放控制系统energyconversion能量转换air/fuelratio空燃比connectingrod连杆TDC=TopDeadCenter上止点BDC=BottomDeadCenter下止点intakestroke进气冲程compressionstroke压缩冲程powerstroke作功冲程exhauststroke排气冲compressionratio压缩比unit3
residual剩余的varnish积碳buildup组合adhesion粘着cleanser清洁剂sludge油泥grime污垢clog填塞gum粘合trough水槽baffle隔板sump油底壳crankcase曲轴

porosity多孔性periphery外围synthetic合成的additive添加剂antiscuff防磨损overhaul大修neutralize使无效agitation激动start-up启动engineblock气缸体dry-sump干油底壳wet-sump湿油底壳pickuptube机油吸油管filterscreen滤网full-flowfilteringsystem全流式滤清器pressure-reliefvalve安全阀bypassvalve旁通阀geartypeoilpump齿轮泵jockeypulley张紧轮corrosioninhibitor阻蚀剂detergent-dispersant清洁分散剂viscosityindex粘度指数foaminhibitor泡沫抑制剂unit8
clutch离合器flywheel飞轮stationary静止的stationary扭转的crankshaft曲轴stall停转mount安放grooveleverpivot支点gearbox变速器retract缩回compactness紧密drivetrain传动系driveshaft传动轴pressureplate压盘clutchdisc离合器从动盘gearratio传动比releasebearing分离轴承releasefork分离拨叉mastercylinder主缸clutchpedal离合器踏板couplingdevice接合装置atidle空转couplewith...连接ringgear齿圈piniongear小齿轮splinedhub花键毂castiron铸铁diaphragmspring膜片弹簧thrustpad止推垫engagewith...啮合centrifugalforce离心力fulcrumring导轴衬bellhousing离合器壳unit9
hump圆形隆起transaxle变速驱动桥tuck挤进gasket垫圈governor调速器modulator调制spline花键bone结合strap皮带doughnut油炸圈饼stator定子maze曲径submergequart夸脱downshift向下换挡optimal最佳的solenoid电磁线圈retrieve找回cork软木manipulate操作fluidcoupling液力耦合器torqueconverter液力变矩器planetarygearset行星齿轮组throttlecable节气门拉索ringgear齿圈highgear高速档reversegear倒档spragclutch楔块式超越离合器centrifugalforce离心力gearup使换快档stickshift顶档杆vacuumhose真空软管throttlevalve节流阀leakout泄露windshieldwiper风窗玻璃刮水器unit10
differential差速器hypoid准双曲面的intersect相交mesh啮合traction静止的limited-slipdifferentialLSD)防滑差速器driveshaft传动轴axleshaft半轴finaldriveassembly主减速器总成gearreduction齿轮减速gearreductionratios齿轮减速比sidegear半轴齿轮pinionshaft行星齿轮轴drivepinion主动小齿轮unit11
disastrous灾难性的hood发动机罩plunger柱塞sponginess海绵性的malfunction故障

bypass迂回corkscrew开塞钻inoperative不起作用的booster调压器slam冲击screech出尖锐的声音thumping极大的momentarily即刻thermalenergy热能mastercylinder制动主缸brakepedal制动踏板brakehose制动软管slavecylinder轮缸drumbrake鼓式制动器brakeshoe制动蹄bleederscrew放气螺钉spongypedal踏板发软panicstop紧急制动frictionlining比例阀equalizervalve平衡阀pressuredifferentialvalve差压阀combinationvalve组合阀emergencybrake紧急制动器brakebooster制动助力器flatspot平点hydraulicactuator液压传动机构unit12
perpendicular垂直的intersect相交enclose装入mechanism机械装置rack齿条spindlerevolution旋转slightly轻微的fluid液体linkage连接threaded带着螺纹的engage接合spin回旋recirculate在循环slope斜坡oval卵形的outlet出口exert尽力utilize利用consumption消费eliminate除去spindlesteeringsystem转向系统rack-and-pinion齿条齿轮式recirculatingball循环球式steeringratio转向减速比variable-ratiosteering可变速比转toothpitch齿距turninglimit转向限值power-steeringsystem动力转向系统wormgearpitmanarm转向臂threadedrod螺杆ballbearing球轴承rotary-vanepump叶片泵retractablevane可伸缩叶片pressure-reliefvalve安全阀rotaryvalve回转阀spool-valve滑阀electroniccontrolsystem电子控制系统unit13
alignment调正bump碰撞deflect使什么偏斜clamp夹子pivot支点rebound回弹strutlengthwise纵向的vibration振动asymmetrical不均匀的semielliptical半椭圆的bracket托架staggered错列的unitbody组合车身coilspring螺旋弹簧leafspring钢板弹簧torsionbar扭力杆stationwagons旅行车springeye钢板弹簧卷耳rubberbushing橡胶衬套bolthead螺栓头springshackle板簧吊环uppercontrolarm上控制臂balljoint球形接头stabilizerbar稳定杆corneringforce回转力shockabsorber减震器trailinglinks纵臂pinionangle小齿轮角U-joint万向节U-boltu形螺栓fore-and-aft纵向的

汽车专业英语单词和翻译重点

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