将来进行时

1. 一般将来时是指将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态，基本结构是：主语+will/be going to do

如：I wil/am goning to Beijing next sunday.我下个星期天将要去北京。

2. 将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作。基本结构是：主语+will be/be going to be +doing

如：I will be sleeping at 12:00p.m. 十二点的时候我将在睡觉。

I will be studying in university at the age of 20.我20岁的时候我将会在大学里学习。

一将来进行时用来表示在将来的某一个时间正在进行的动作

①下个星期的这时候,我们将在那个工厂劳动.

This time next week we shall be working in that factory.

②明天下午三点,我们将正在开会.

We'll be having a meeting at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon.

③你将什么时候见怀特先生 (语气较委婉客气,下属对上司)When will you be seeing Mr. White

④今天晚上七点,学生们将正在看电视.

The students will be watching TV at seven this evening.

二将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作.常用来表示礼貌的询问,请求等.例如:

1)This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.

用法:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情.

例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.

别担心,你不会认不出她的.她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙.

例:This time tomorrow you ________ there doing some more exercises.

A) will sit B) will be sitting C) sit D) shall sit

答案是B).因为this time tomorrow是个很具体的将来时间.

三将来进行时用来表示不含意图又未发生的动作

注意:将来进行时不用于表示"意志",不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.

I will be helping Mary tomorrow.明天我帮玛丽干活.

这不表示说话人已安排好要帮助玛丽或者想帮助她.这个句子仅仅说明这一动作将要发生.将来进行时的这种用法有些像表示将来的现在进行时,但有以下几点不同之处.

四表示委婉的请求

When shall we be meeting again？

五与现在进行时态的区别

现在进行时表示一种经过考虑的,将来要进行的动作,而将来进行时通常表示正常过程中会发生的动作,因此将来进行时不如现在进行时那样肯定,比后者偶然性要大一些:

I am seeing Tom tomorrow.

明天我要和汤姆见面.

I'll be seeing Tom tomorrow.

明天我会见到汤姆.

第一句意指汤姆或说话人已经特意安排了这次会面,而第二句则意指汤姆和说话人将在通常进程中见面(也许他们在一起工作).不过这种差别并不是在任何情况下都很重要,而且常常两者都可以使用.现在进行时用于表示最近将来的动作时,必须有确定的时间,而将来进行时可以和确定的时间状语连用,也可以不连用.

它既可以表示最近将来的动作,也可以表示较远将来的动作.可以说:

I am meeting him tomorrow.

我明天和他会面.

但是说:

I'll be meeting him tomorrow/next year/some time/.

我明天/明年/某时将与他会面.

五与一般将来时态的区别:

将来进行时通常表示的是对将来事实的简单陈述.

而will+V. (一般将来时)除表示时间概念外,还带有感情色彩.

e.g. 汤姆明天将正在割草. Tom will be cutting grass tomorrow.

汤姆明天愿意割草. Tom will cut the grass tomorrow.

现在完成时态

现在完成时用法

1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的时间状语：already，so far，never，just，before，recently，

I have lost my key.（说明过去某时丢的，现在还未找到。）

2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。for+一段时间，since+时间点

I have known him for ten years. / We haven’t seen him since 2002.

要用延续性动词leave/go- be away, come-be here/be in, buy- have, borrow-keep, join-be in/a member of, die-be dead, begin- be on, finish- be over

3.表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作，常用often, always, seldom, never等连用。注意与一般现在时的区别。

We have been to the Summer Palace twice.

4. 经典句子I haven’ t seen you for a long time. Where have you been? I have been to Shanghai. How many times have you been there? I have been there twice

5. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

1）侧重点不同：现在完成时侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响，而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关。

2）连用的时间状语不同。

3）询问某事过去发生的具体时间，地点时必须用一般过去时。现在完成时不可与表示过去的时间状语连用。

6. 现在完成时需要注意的几点

1）由since引导的时间状语从句主句通常用现在完成时。

2）句型It is/ has been+ 时间段 + since

3）表示某人所作过的用This is the…. that….结构，后面的句子要用完成时。

This is the first time that I have been here.

4）非延续性动词的否定形式可以表示状态的延续。可与for, since连用。

5) age /before的区别

ago为副词，表示从现在算起的过去某时间以前，用于名词词组 + ago 。 ago所在句子的谓语动词一般为过去时，它不可以单独使用，也不可以用做连词。

before为副词时，表示从过去的某一时刻或某一事件算起的过去某时间以前，用现在完成时。它还可以单独使用，也可以用做连词，此时后接单词，词组或句子。

现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时的谓语动词构成。

　　I/ we/ you/ they have been working

　　he/ she/ it has been working

　　（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。

　　The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.

　　中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）

　　I have been learning English since three years ago.

　　自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）

　　（二）表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。

　　We have been waiting for you for half an hour.

　　我们已经等你半个钟头了。（动作不再继续下去）

　　（三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。

　　They have been living in this city for ten years.

　　They have lived in this city for ten years.

　　他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。

　　I have been working here for five years.

　　I have worked here for five years.

　　我在这里已经工作两年了。

　　（四）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。

　　I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）

　　我一直在写一本书。

　　I have written a book.（动作已经完成）

　　我已经写了一本书。

　　They have been building a bridge.

　　他们一直在造一座桥。

　　They have built a bridge.

　　他们造了一座桥。

　　（五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。

　　I have known him for years.

　　我认识他已经好几年了。

　　* I have been knowing...

过去完成时

过去完成时的用法（1）

表示过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作，常与由by，before引导的时间状语连用。

We had learned 5000 words by the end of last month.

到上个月底为止我已经学了五千个单词。

I had finished the composition before supper.

晚饭前我就已经把作文写完了。

过去完成时的用法（2）

表示过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，常与由when，before等连词引导的时间状语从句连用。

When I woke up it had already stopped raining.

我醒来的时候雨就已经停了。

I hadn't learned any English before I came here.

我来这儿之前没学过英语。

常用于引导这类状语从句的连词有：when当...的时候，as soon as一...就，

before在...之前，after在...之后，until直到，等。

过去完成时的用法（3）

用于宾语从句或间接引语中

I wondered who had taken the umbrella without permission.

我想知道谁不经允许就把雨伞拿去。

He told me that he had passed the exam.

他告诉我他已通过考试。

典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。

He said that he had learned some English before.

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

现在完成时与过去完成时的练习

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.I___already____(see)the film. I___(see)it last week.

2.__ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet.

3.___you ___(be)to Hong Kong ? Yes, I ____(be)there twice .

4.__ you ever ____(eat )chocolate sundaes? No, never.

5.My father ____just ____(come) back from work. He is tired now.

6.Where's Li Ming? He____(go)to the teacher's office.

7.I ____ (work) here since I ____ (move) here in 1999.

8.How long ___the Wangs ___(stay) here? For two weeks.

答案1.have seen saw 2.has finished 3.have been have been 4.have ate 5.have just come 6.has gone 7.have been working moved 8.have stayed

二。单行选择

1.The twins can speak good Chinese because they_____China for 6 years.

A.have been to B.havecome to C.have been in D.have gone to

2._____have you lived in Beijing?

A.How soon B.How often C.How much D.How long

3.Where is Tom? I can't find him anywhere.

He_____back for a holiday.

A.went B.goes C.has gone D.will go

4.Has john come_____?

Yes.He has_____been here for 10 minutcs.

A.yet,already B.already,yet C.already,already D.yet,yet

5.They_____about eight hundred English words by the end of last term.

A.will learn B.has learned C.are going to learn D.had learned

6.I haven't finished reading the book_____.

A.just B.already C.ever D.yet

7.He has_____seen the film,has he?

A.already B.never C.ever D.yet

8._____you ever_____fast food?

A.Did,eat B.Have,eaten C.Are,eat D.Have,eat

9.We_____the Baiyun Hills last weekend.

A.have climbed B.are climbing C.climbing D.was climbing

10.The boy_____finished his homework yet.

A.hasn't B.didn't C.wasn't D.doesn't

答案 A D C A D D A B A A

现在完成进行时练习

1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

— I think so. He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏)

A. is preparing B. was preparing

C. had been preparing D. has been preparing

2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东)

A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked

3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建)

A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen

4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南)

A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying

5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建)

A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked

6. —I have got a headache.

—No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西)

A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked

7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. (2007上海)

A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling

8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.(北京)

A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider

9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet? (2007江苏)

—Yes. We had a great time there.

A. Have ; shown B. Do ; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show

10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale.

—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.

A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted

. 1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABA C

将来进行时练习

1.You can’t miss him.He--------a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you.( )

A.is wearing Bwill wear C.wears D.will be wearing

2.”Could you give these books to Mr .Black?”

“Absolutely,-------him at five o’clock this afternoon.” ( )

A.I will have a talk B.I have a talk with

C.I can have a talk with D.I will be having a talk with

3.I’m afraid I won’t be available.I-------a friend off at o’clock this afternoon. ( )

A.see B.am seeing C.will see D.will be seeing

4.Next Friday I will go to another concert .They ____some thing by Mozart at that time ( )

A.play B.will be playing C.are going to play D.are to play.

5.”What are you doing ,Jack?”

“Make a model plane . I ____it in the science class at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning.”

A.will be showing B.am going to show C. show D. showed

6’i_____ a meeting at 4o’clock tomorrow afternoon.

A.will be having B. am having C.am going to have D. have

7’What do you think you _____at this time next year?

A.will do B.will be doing C.are going to do D.do

8.”What will you do tomorrow evening?”

“I _____my favourite program at eight o’clock tomorrow evening.”

A.will watch B. am going to watch C.will be watching D.am watching

将来进行时题目答案与解析:

1。D。该题表示见到他时，他正在穿着衣服，强调将来某一时刻进行的动作。

2。D。将来进行时在口语中常常用来表示预计即将发生或势必发生的动作，再这里表示计划安排。不能选A，因为“will+动词原形”表示临时的决定，而从absolutely可以看出后面的谈话是又计划,有安排的,故这里不用”will+动词原形”.不能选B和D,因为从five o’clock this afternoon 得知该题表示将来,故应用与将来相关的语态.

3.选D,该题表示下午两点正在发生的事情,故应用将来进行时.

4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C

将来进行时