长沙理工大学课程考核试卷 （B卷）

2013――2014学年第1学期

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课号：0502000055 课名：英语报刊选读 考试考查：考试

此卷选为：期中考试 （ ）、期终考试 （√）、重考（ ）试卷

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Part I. Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice

Passage One

University’s Boot Camp Gives Freshmen Fighting Chanc

RENO, Nev. -- Welcome to boot camp, you maggots.

Stand up straight, suck in that gut and recite the periodic table.

What did you say? I can’t hear you! Drop and give me 20.

When the University of Nevada, Reno holds its first academic boot camp Aug. 16-20, there won't be any snarling drill instructors ordering freshmen to scrub the latrines with toothbrushes, but it won’t be easy, either.

They will spend five days, from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m., attending classes, working in study groups and taking exams.

Just as basic training prepares soldiers for combat, the goal of UNR’s new boot camp, called Biofit, is to help freshmen majoring in certain scientific fields improve their chances of surviving that fragile first semester of college.

“Students of all levels of preparation come here, and some of them struggle that first semester,”said Jeff Thompson, dean of UNR’s College of Science. “And studies show that if students struggle that first semester, it’s very hard for them to overcome.”

Struggling students also are at risk of dropping out, and UNR is on a mission to improve its graduation rate.

Last year, slightly more than half of the freshmen who entered UNR in 2006 graduated.

The graduation rate in 2012 for UNR students who earned a diploma in six years was 54 percent. That's 2 points below the national six-year graduation rate of 56 percent.

Another hopeful indicator is UNR’s retention rate: 79 percent of the freshmen who came on campus in 2011 were still enrolled when the next fall semester began.

Attending the boot camp is voluntary, and during its first year, enrollment will be limited to freshmen who plan to major in biology or neuroscience.

“It’s a test run with no risk to them,” Thompson said. “They have the opportunity to make adjustments before they get a poor grade that first semester that’s hard to recover from. That’s really what we’re trying to address.”

The students will live in the same residence hall and have to pay $200, which will cover food, room and program materials.

UNR joins a growing number of campuses that offer this type of experience to help freshman successfully make the transition from high school to college.

Louisiana State University held the first weeklong boot camp in 2005 for new freshmen biology majors at its College of Science, where Kevin Carman was the dean at the time.

Carman, who became UNR’s new provost in February, made starting a boot camp at UNR one of his top priorities.

Thompson said LSU’s boot camp has increased student graduation rates for new freshmen by 50 percent.

“That is very significant,” he said.

He credits that improvement to the way boot camp exposes freshmen to the tougher academic requirements of higher education before they start their first semester.

“The point of boot camp is that college is very different, but most students don’t really understand that,” Thompson said.

They can hear that message repeated by UNR recruiters, high school counselors and their parents, but the boot camp experience drives it home, he said.

“We try to compress into a fairly short time what it is like to be a university student,” Thompson said.

The students will attend several classes each day, take exams and get feedback on how they did.

Although the first Biofit boot camp will be open only to biology and neuroscience majors, Thompson wants to offer it next year to all of the incoming freshman in the College of Science.

“Provost Carman eventually wants to expand this across as much of the university as we can,” Thompson said.

Other universities have boot camps for students majoring in theater, engineering and business as well as for disabled veterans and high school graduates who are smart but at-risk because of bad study habits.

Christina Cho, UNR’s director of advising, recruitment and retention for the College of Science, said the college is recruiting undergraduates majoring in biology and neuroscience to serve as mentors for the boot camp students.

Biology majors Brandy Reynolds and Chris Gomez, two undergraduates who will mentor freshmen in the upcoming boot camp, said they could have used some help adapting to university life when they first came on campus.

“One of the hardest things I had to deal with from a social aspect was having to deal with a roommate who was a slob, but he moved out six weeks into the semester,”Gomez said. “Then there were five guys who lived on the same floor and played video games until five in the morning.”

On the academic side, Gomez, who wants to become a dentist, and Reynolds, a pre-med student, found the work load much harder than they expected.

“You have to learn to manage the credit load and the intensity at which each professor teaches their class,” Gomez said. “In an hour and 15 minutes they go through two-and-a-half chapters of information.”

Freshmen will learn that exams are crucial to their grades, Reynolds said.

“In a lot of the courses you take, the grades are based mainly on exams, whereas in high school, you had homework and extra credit that could boost your grades in the end if you messed up on a test,” she said. “That’s not the case so much in college.”

Gomez said the newly found freedom that freshman experience when they leave home poses another danger, Gomez said.

“Some freshmen are like, ‘I’m away from mom and dad and there’s a party down the street and I can stay up until 3 in the morning,’” he said.

“But if you only get two hours sleep, you're probably not going to function well the next day. So with that freedom comes responsibility and knowing your limits,” Gomez said.

(By Lenita and Reno Gazette, from USA TODAY, May 12, 2013.)

Choose the right answer to the following questions:

1． What do freshmen do in the academic boot camp?

A. They are to be trained for combat.

B. They scrub the latrines with toothbrushes.

C. They overcome their shortcomings.

D. They attend classes, work in groups and take exams.

2. What is the purpose of UNR’s boot camp?

A. To improve the chance of surviving their first semester of university.

B. To improve the graduation rate.

C. To improve the retention rate.

D. All of the above.

3. According to Thompson, which of the following statement is NOT true?

A. College is very different from middle school.

B. The boot camp can help freshmen change their roles from middle school students to college students in a short time.

C. The boot camp is open to all of freshmen.

D. Freshmen can have chance to experience tougher academic requirements of higher education before the start their university.

4. What do we know about mentors?

A. They are always majoring in biology and neuroscience.

B. They are undergraduates.

C. They help freshmen to adapt to college life.

D. All of the above.

5. What freshmen should NOT learn before they begin their first semester?

A. To manage the credit load.

B. Exams are crucial to their grades.

C. College is more freedom than at home.

D. The intensity of academic study is very hard.

（1-5 DDCDC）

Passage Two

Here’s some good news for parents of tweens and teens: You rule.

That may be hard to believe sometimes. And it’s true kids won’t always follow your health and safety rules. But studies show parents who keep setting boundaries make a huge difference.

The latest example is a survey on media use by the Kaiser Family Foundation. It found that typical kids ages 8 to18 spend an astonishing 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming entertainment media, including deeply in TV, computer, games, cellphones, music players and other devices while occasionally glancing at books and other non-electronic media. Many experts, including the pediatrics (小儿科) academy，consider that much screen time bad for mental and physical health.

But the study also found that kids whose parents set any time or content limits were plugged in for three hours less day.” Parents can have a big influence ,” says Kasier Vicky Rideout.

“The reality is that teenagers care deeply what their parents think,” says Kenneth Ginsburg, a specialist of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. “the challenge for parents is to get across rules and boundaries in a way that doesn’t feel controlling.”

Research shows that parents who set firm rules but explain and enforce in a warm supportive way work better than those who set no rules, fail to enforce them or rule with a “because I said so” iron grip.

Ideally, “kids understand the rules are about their well-being and safety,” Ginsburg says.

Still, achieving just-right parenting is “challenging”’ says Margaret Broe-Eitzpatrick, a teacher in Kensington, Md. ,who has four children, age 8 to 16.”There are so many different things to keep track of.” She and her husband keep their kids busy with sports and other activities, limit screen time and review the music their children download. They talk with their 16-year-old son about the rules he’ll face when he gets a driver’s license soon. But she says, they can’t police everything the kids encounter on the Internet or in friends’ homes.

“We’re just doing the best we can ‘” she says ‘”even if young people may protest at first, they do feel more safe and secure when limits are set.”

6. The survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation is mentioned to illustrate the idea that_____.

A) Kids don’t always follow parents’ rules B) only few parents believe the good news

C) Much media use results in bad health D) parents’ rule make a huge difference

7. What did the kids do when parents set any time or content limits, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation?

A) They cut down on their screen time. B) They appreciated their parents’ love.

B) They spent more time staying outdoors. D) They accepted parents’ rules unwillingly.

8. What will Kenneth Ginsburg most probably suggest that parents should do?

A) Avoid setting firm rules. B) Avoid ruling with an iron grip.

C) Set rules after family discussion. D) Set rules that are easy to understand.

9. Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick finds it impossible_____.

A) to achieve just-right parenting B) to keep track of everything done by the kids

C) for the kids to face rules alone D) for the kids to observe rule without protest

10. The passage is mainly intended for parents_____.

A ) whose kids have difficulty in self-discipline B) whose kids are addicted to media use

C ) Who have doubts about setting rules D) who are too busy to care for their kids

（ 答案： 6-10 DABBC）

Passage Three

Earlier this year I met with a group of women in Matela, a small farming village in Tanzania, and we discussed something that’s been on all of our minds lately: finding a safe place to save money. The women said their babies were getting sick form malaria, and they could afford the drugs if they saved money over time-but with no access to formal savings accounts, they had a hard time safeguarding cash. So they saved in risky and inefficient ways. They made loans to each other, or bought goats or jewelry, then sold them if they suddenly needed money.

The success of microloans has opened new opportunities for many poor people and has been a crucial factor in reducing poverty. But loans are not enough. Savings accounts could help people in the developing world with unexpected events, accumulate money to invest in education, increase their productivity and income, and build their financial security. Fortunately, this is a moment of opportunity. New policy ideas are uniting in ways that will lower the cost of savings and bring safe financial services to the doorsteps of the poor.

One exciting trend is agent banking in which stores and post offices serve as banking outlets. Banks still manage and guarantee the deposits, but they rely on the infrastructure of other outlets to deal with clients where there are no bank branches.

The phenomenal growth of mobile phones in the developing world presents another opportunity. M-Pesa , the mobile-phone cash-transfer service in Kenya, has signed up more than 5 million subscribers in two years and recently expanded to Tanzania. This new idea is opening markets and transforming lives. A split-second M-Pesa transaction cots as little as 30 cents and replaces a day of risk and expense just to send someone money or carry earnings home.

At the Gates Foundation, it has been committed more than $350 million to make financial services widely accessible to the poor because safe places to save can help break the cycle of poverty. If action is taken on this moment, then within a generation, billions of people will have the chance to build up their saving and live the healthy, productive lives that they deserve.

11. According to the first paragraph, people in Matela are most likely to expect that_____

A) They can afford the cure for malaria B) They can save their cash efficiently

C) They can live safely in the village D) Their can get rid of poverty soon

12. What can help the poor build financial security?

A) Getting B) Lower cost of saving

C) Chances for education D)Saving services

13. What is the role of post offices in “agent banking”?

A) They are subordinate to banks. B) They are cooperative with banks

C) They are taking the place of banks D) They are being changed into banks

14.. Compared with agent banking, M-Pesa most probably______

A) is less practical for poor people B) is more popular among clients

C) costs less except transaction fees D) provides safer savings accounts

15.Gates Foundation intends to make financial services______

A) affordable B)widely recognized C).influential D)easily obtained

（ 答案：11-15 BDBCD）

Part II. Reading in Depth

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter or a combination of letters. Please choose the corresponding letter or combination for each item on. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

And yet, even as the financial pages wrote the paper’s obit, deep within that fancy Renzo Piano palace across from the Port Authority, something hopeful has been going on: a kind of---16---. Each day, peculiar wings and gills poke up on the Times’ website—video, audio, “drillable” graphics. Beneath Nicholas Kristof’s op-ed column, there’s a--17--to his blog, Twitter feed, Facebook page, and YouTube videos. Coverage of Gaza –18-- a time line linking to earlier reporting, video coverage, and an encyclopedic entry on Hamas. Throughout the—19-- glittering interactive maps let readers –20--voting results. There were 360-degree panoramas of the Democratic convention; audio “back story” with reporters like Adam Nagourney; searchable video of the debates. It was a –21--reinvention of the Times voice, shattering the omniscient God-tones in which the paper had always grounded its –22--; the new features tugged the reader closer—23--comments and interactivity, rendering the—24-- between reporter and –25-- more intimate, immediate, exposed.

.

（16. K 17.J 18G 19H 20.F 21D 22.B 23.E 24.C 25.A ）

Part III To Detect the Information

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.

A) .Michelle , Stetson MBA graduate, dreamed in college of owning her own business and conducted informational interviews with entrepreneurs. “This experience was eye-opening to say the least,” Michelle says. “Until interviewing the folks I talked to, I had an almost romantic notion of being in business for one’s self. After our discussions, I had a better picture of the trials, heartaches and triumphs involved.” Based on what she learned, Michelle chose to learn the ropes from the corporate world before venturing her own enterprise.

B). Management graduate J.P. Politano notes that before he conducted his informational interviews he was completely unsure of what kind of job he wanted. “Speaking with my interviewee made me realize that many of my points of view ,experiences, and desires pointed me to a field like consulting, but I had never known it until we talked. It was introduced for the first time to something that I had been seeking for years, but was unsure of what it was,” Politano says.

C ) You can narrow a wide field down to a special job. “Informational interviews helped me to learn more about what areas of accounting I may want to enter and chose areas that I don’t ,” says Tina , a senior accounting major at Stetson.

D）Many job seekers learn through informational interviews that the career’s average salary, hours, working conditions, or opportunities for advancement are not what they imagined. I actually thought of going into law, Says Stetson marketing senior Miller, “but I decided against it”, partly ,Miller says , From hearing an attorney’s first hand experience that they have such crazy hours that can be very stressful.

E）Although the interviewee offered a negative view of the law profession, the interviewing process showed her law was the right choice for her. “Since my interviewees were all of different ages and genders, I got a grasp of the feeling each one had for the field. They made me realize how I would like to be as an attorney.

F) . When we meet people for the first time, we often make decisions about them based on how they look. And, of course it’s something that works both ways, for we too are being judged on our appearance. When we look good, we feel good, which in turn leads to a more confident and self-assured manner. People then pick up on this confidence and respond positively towards us. Undoubtedly, it’s what’s inside that’s important, but sometimes we can send out the wrong signals simply by wearing inappropriate clothing or not spending enough time thinking about how others see us.

G) For example, people often make the mistakes of trying to look like someone else they’ve seen in a magazine, but this is usually a disaster as we all have our own characteristics. Stand in front of a full length mirror and be honest with yourself about what you see, There is no need to dwell on your faults—we all had good points and bad points---bue think instead about the best way to emphasize the good ones.

H) When selecting your clothes each day, think who you’re likely to meet, where you’re going to be spending most of your time and what tasks you are likely to perform. Clearly , some outfits will be more appropriate to different sorts of activity and this will dictate your choice to an extent. However, there’s no need to abandon your individual taste completely. After all, if you dress to please somebody else’s idea of what looks good, you may end up feeling uncomfortable and not quite yourself.

I) But to know your own mind, you have to know yourself. What do you truly feel good in ? There are probably a few favourate items that you wear a lot---most people wear 20 per cent of their wardrobe 80 per cent of the time. Look at these clothes and ask yourself what they have in common. Are they neat and tidy? Loose and flowing? Then look at the things hanging in your wardrobe that you don’t wear and ask yourself why. Go through a few magazines and catalogues and mark the things that catch your eyes. Is there a common theme?

J）Some colors bring your natural colouring to life and others can give us a washed-out appearance . Try out new colors by all means, but remember that dressing in bright colors when you really like subtle neutral tones, or vice versa, will make you feel self—conscious and uncomfortable. You know deep down where your own taste boundaries lie. And although it is good to challenge those sometimes with new combinations or shades, take care not to go too far all at once.

26. Learn about the Realities of the Work World and What to expect.

27. Discover potential opportunities.

28. Affirm your dream career.

29. Find the career you wanted may be wrong for you.

30. Distinguish which career path to follow.

31. Learning to be realistic.

32. Making regular conscious choices.

33. Analyzing your own taste.

34. Being cautious when experimenting

35. One’s appearance may send out mixed information

（26-35ABEDC G H I J F）

Part IV Translation

Directions: translate the following sentences into Chinese:

36. But souring prices and gas lines and growing crime as told to us by our parents and through gritty world of Taxi Driver still stands out to me as what true economic calamity is all about.

（但是通过父母的的讲述以及电影《出租车司机》所反映出的逼真世界，我们了解到那时候物价和燃气价格飞涨，犯罪率急剧上升，这些都清晰地向我展示出经济灾难的真实面目。）

37. That was a gauge of economic trouble developed in the late 1970s and 1980s that was supposed to be a more accurate measure of how bad the economy was for the average Joe.

（这是20世纪七八十年代出现的测量经济困难的方法，应该可以准确度量经济对普通美国人影响的糟糕程度。）

38. And indeed those twin fears of joblessness and souring food and gas prices are what seems to be sapping confidence in the economy these days as well.

（事实上，失业及食物和油价飞涨的双重恐惧好像正是削弱了我们对当前经济信心的因素。）

39. That’s why Kathleen Madigan, over at the Wall Street Journal, has devised a new misery index that may do a better job of actually comparing today’s economic times to back then.

（鉴于此，凯思林.麦迪甘在《华尔街日报》上设计了一个新的“痛苦指数”，或许能够真正地将今天和以前的经济状况进行比较。）

40. While inflation is low, many think it will soon rise, and that along housing prices and the lack of jobs could be what is holding back the economy.

（虽然通货膨胀率低，但很多人认为它很快会上升，同时也认为制约经济的可能就是房价和失业。）

Part V Rearrange the Order

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a few sentences which are disordered. You are required to rearrange them into a paragraph.

①Muslim Brotherhood lawmakers backed by other Islamists in the Shura Council pushed ahead with plans to debate the judicial reform law Saturday.

②Morsi had sponsored the conference, which was meant to allow judges the chance to draft proposals on how reform the judiciary.

③This would affect nearly a quarter of the country’s 13,000 judges and prosecution officials, most of them in senior positions, including in Egypt’s Supreme Constitutional Court.

④Another row is centered on a controversial law that would drop retirement age for judges from 70 to 60.

⑤The move by the president’s party and others prompted the country’s top council of judges to

suspend participation in a government-backed conference earlier this month.

（41-45: ④③①⑤②）

Part Ⅵ Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short piece of news to report the phenomenon of Mobile Phones in Class. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 300 words

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