哎

英语初高中衔接公开课

 提前衔接的一个重要性

1.学生心里与环境衔接的重要性：教学容量、检测题型；中考之后的懈怠

2.教学内容衔接的重要性：生词多（高考大纲词汇2832；初中的830），大拦路虎——定语从句很多高一学生学完后很茫然，衔接：词法——时态——语态——情态动词——句法（包括简单句、并列句以及复合句）最后引出定语从句

3.学习方式转变的衔接重要性：高中考查学生运用课本知识解决问题的能力，不能死记硬背，很多学生学习很刻苦但是效果不明显

4.学习习惯转变的衔接重要性：9门，晚上，每天，不死记硬背（数理化，英）

流 程

1、英语学习指导和建议

2、初高中衔接主要的语法知识点

初高中衔接一 句子成分与句子结构

初高中衔接二 英语句型和书法

初高中衔接三 语态与时态

初高中衔接四 不定式专题

初高中衔接五 定语从句专题

3、对家长的建议

1、英语学习方法指导和建议

（一）良好的学习习惯

指导高一新生具体的学习方法，养成良好的学习习惯，直接关系到高中三年的英语学习效果。高一新生对一切都感到新鲜，容易接受老师的意见，有利于对他们重新塑造。细节决定成败

1．开口朗读的习惯

2．预习的习惯

到高中，随着课文词汇量和复杂长句的增加，如果没有有效的预习，学生根本适应不了课堂教学。所以，我们把预习当作英语教学的一个不可忽视的重要环节，进行精心指导，规范要求。我们要写出预习笔记，把预习时遇到的问题和难点记下来，这样便于上课听讲更具有针对性.

3．记笔记的习惯

高中英语内容多而复杂，听课的过程中，必须记笔记。高中生应该学习如何根据老师的板书记录重要信息，如何归纳例句中的有用信息，如何筛选一堂课中对自己有用的信息。记录的内容应该包含上课的重点和自己不明白的问题。此外，我们要当天复习课堂笔记，及时消化。

4．完成作业的习惯

5．写日记的习惯

学生碰到的主要问题在于词汇的贫乏和句型的使用，这时大胆使用课文中刚刚学过和课外摘抄的词句。词汇量达到一定程度后，可以使用高级词汇、复杂句子结构和关联过渡词语。

6．阅读课外书报与摘抄的习惯

初中英语一般还只局限于课本教学，到了高中阶段，英语阅读能力作为一个重要的培养目标，选择适合自己水平和兴趣的英语读物（英语牛津出的书虫系列、英语沙龙阅读版或者实践版、新概念）英文电影（狮子王、冰河世纪），定期定量阅读，同时要求记录有用的词句。

7．整理错题的习惯

专门的纠错本，用不同颜色的笔标注，避免再次犯同样的错误，养成碰到问题及时解决的习惯。提高学生自我纠错能力。

8．自觉使用工具书的习惯

（2）词汇学习

1.掌握好音标：

abolish [əˊbɔlɪʃ]v. 废除，废止 institute [ˊɪnstɪtjuːt;] n. (研究)所, 院，学院 occupation [ɔkjʊˊpeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 职业，工作 pronunciation [prənʌnsɪˊeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 发音 报音标班

2.将词汇放入情景当中记忆

I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.

3.联想法：hatred――仇恨分析：hat――帽子；red――红色的。 联想：小红帽非常仇恨大灰狼。

wobble――摇晃 分析：wo――“我”的拼音；bb――“爸爸”的拼音首字母；le――“乐”的拼音。 联想：我爸爸快乐地摇晃着。 pest [pest] n. 害虫

4.利用构词法（前后缀autonomy自动的、biweekly-双、dioxide 二、disappear disagree不，enable endanger置于、使except 除去、离开successful、redish 略带……色的useless、speechless没有……的watery wordy有……的

5.合成法pain-killer（n.）、downhill下坡的(adj.)、sleep-walk梦游(v.)beforehand事先（adv.）herself她自己（代词)within（介词）

6.转化法 n.→V.bicycle，change adj.→v. Cool,black adj.→n.daily 日报

7.举一反三，反复记忆不熟悉的词汇 （专门的词汇记忆本，小型的）

8..早上起床、临睡前背诵（前摄抑制，后摄抑制）

9.持之以恒、每天都要坚持

10.英文原版电影：狮子王、冰河世纪

（2）听力培养技巧

1.准确的发音

2.精听与泛听结合：精听之前一定要先看题目，画出关键词

3.VOA Special English

4.关注常用单词，加强词汇记忆

5.加强阅读

6.听英文歌（Avril Lavigne,Westlife,Backstreet Boys,Lene Marlin）

听第9段材料，回答第15至17两个小题。

15. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Office-mates.

16.What is Bill like?

A. He is very tall.

B. He has a big nose.

C. He is a good guy.

17.What does the man call the woman for?

A. He asks her to come to celebrate for Bill.

B. He wants her to come to work that day.

C. He wants her to attend a birthday party.

（3）阅读培养技巧

1.先浏览问题再进行文章阅读

2.标注重点字词和词句

3.事实细节题：查读法、快速辨认和记忆事实或者细节

4.主旨大意题：浏览文章标题、副标题和每一自然段的首尾句

5.推理判断题：确定作者的观点以及写作目的和理由；分析已知事实；

6.猜测词义：上下文语境；

利用定语从句、同位语从句等进行判断；

利用关联词（but，however，not only…but also等等）；

7.每周至少5篇阅读理解练习。

A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and was staying with his wife at the best hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly he felt someone behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who quickly walked past him. The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his watch was gone. He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch. He decided to follow him and get back the watch.

Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian. Neither of them understood the other’s language. The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist(拳头) and pointed at the Italian’s watch. In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman.

When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife what had happened. He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table. Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed the watch and it was the Italian’s.

1. The Frenchman went to a small Italian town _______. 事实细节题

A. alone B. with his wife

C. with his friend D. with an Italian

2. One night he went out for _______ alone. .事实细节题

A. a ride B. a walk C. a drink D. rest

3. Suddenly he found his_______ was gone. .事实细节题

A. watch B. money C. book D. ring

4. The Italian gave up his watch to him at last because ________. 推理判断题

A. he had stolen the watch from the Frenchman.

B. he understood what the Frenchman wanted

C. he had picked up the watch on his w ay from work

D. he was afraid of the Frenchman

5. Who was robbed of the watch on earth? 推理判断题

A. The Frenchman was. B. The Italian was.

C. Both of them was. D. Neither of them was.

The moving truck with furniture was parked in front of our Southern California home. My husband and I were sweeping out the open garage when a woman from a house across the street came up to us with an apple pie.

“Welcome to the neighbourhood,” she said. “I made it myself and I want you to have it.”

“Really, we can’t, ” my husband replied.

“Of course you can,” she ran on. “When I moved in two years ago no one welcomed me, and I want you to feel at home.” She thrust(塞) the pie into my husband’s hands.

“Uh, well, you see,” he said, with a disappointed laugh, “we have been here four years and we’re moving.”

The woman stared at him, dumbfounded(目瞪口呆), with her mouth open.

“Well,” she said, shrugging(耸肩) her shoulders with an air of resignation(顺从), “Enjoy it anyway!”

My husband and I laughed heartily, determining in the future to be better neighbours ourselves.

1. The woman came up to us because _______.

A. she wanted to see us off B. she wanted to see our furniture

C. she wanted to sell her pie to us D. she thought we had just arrived here

2. The sentence “Really, we can’t” exactly means _______.

A. neither the writer nor her husband could accept the apple pie

B. we didn’t like eating the apple pie

C. we were so busy that we had no time to eat it

D. we are full. We needn’t eat it

3. The phrase “feel at home” in the passage probably means _______.

A. live at home B. feel comfortable

C. help oneself to it D. be brave

4. From the passage, we know personal relationship in Western countries is _______.

A. important B. valuable C. necessary D. hardly thinkable

【答案与解析】本文通过讲述一个发生在我们搬家离开时的小故事反映了西方国家日益淡薄的人际关系。

1. D。细节题。根据 Welcome to the neighbourhood 可推知这邻居还因为我们是新来的，故此题答案为D。

2. A。推断题。根据上下文的意思可以推断出来作者夫妇都不会接受the apple pie。

3. B。词义猜测题。“feel at home”本意是“感觉像在家里一样”，引申为“宾至如归，无拘无束，感觉舒服”等意思。故答案为B。

4. D。推断题。作者在这里住了四年，现在要搬走了，而邻居却以为他们是新搬来的，可见西方国家的人际关系非常淡薄，难以置信。

初高中衔接一 句子成分与句子结构

一、句子成份整体理解（一）

定义：组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分

类别：主要是有主谓、表、宾、定、状六种，还有补语，同位语、插入语等

1、主语 表示句子描述的是 “谁”“或”“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象，通常是由名词、代词、不定式动名词或从句担任

ey: The sun rises in the east I am a teacher.

Getting up early is a good habit。

问题：主语一定位于句前吗？试举例

2、谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任。

eg: We study English. He lives in shanghai

3、表语:说明主语的性质或特征，常放在be动词或系动词后由形容词、副词、不定式、动名词或从句担任

We are students. She is beautiful.

4宾语 表示及物动词或短语的对象或内容，由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。

eg: I love you . I teach English.

宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语

I give you lessons.请分析此句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

5、定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的，由形容词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。

This is a hard job. She is a beautiful girl.

问题：上面哪个是定语，请划出。

总结：定语一般位于名词或代词 ，而定语从句呢？

6、补语：补充说明主语或宾语的，由形容词名词、代词担任，请划出

We made him monitor, We think it easy.

7、状语：修饰动词、形容词副词或整个句子，通常由副词、不定式，分词或从句担任。试划出 He runs fast. She is very beautiful.

8、同位语：对前面的名词，代词作进一步的解释，由名词、形容词担任。请划出

This is Mr.zhou,our headmaster.

9、插入语：对一句话作出附加性的解释。

To be honest , I don’t agree with you.

初高中衔接二 英语句型和书法

句子类型：简单句 并列句 复合句 并列复合句

I.简单句

• 简单句中只包含一个主谓结构

• 简单句的五种句型：

1.主语+系动词+表语(主系表)

She is a teacher.

2.主语+谓语动词(主+vi)

The children are sleeping.

3.主语+谓语动词(vt)+宾语(主谓宾)

We learn English.

4.主语+谓语动词(vt)+间宾+直宾

I give him some money.

5.主语+谓语动词(vt)+宾语+宾补

We think it easy.

II.并列句 由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上独立分句的句子叫并列句。

并列连词：and; but; so; or; otherwise等

• He is a teacher, but his brother doesn’t like his job.

• He worked hard, so he got scholarship at last.

III.复合句 若句子中某个成分直接由从句构成那么就称之为复合句。(含有从句的句子)

从句的种类：定语从句；状语从句；名词性从句(主语从句；宾语从句；表语从句；同位语从句)。

从句在句子中充当xx句子成分就称之为xx从句。

注：从句必有关系词引导，也必须有完整的句子成分(如：主谓，主谓宾，主系表等)

IV.并列复合句 并列连词连接，两个并列分句中含有从句，就叫并列复合句。

• The policeman looked at me suspiciously, and he asked me what I wanted.

• The teacher said if he had studied hard ,he would have passed the exam, but he didn't do that.

书法注意事项

• 二线格就是四线格的第三条线。

• 所有字母一律倾斜15度。

• 词间距1.5个字母，单词之内字母大小均匀.

• 该连笔的则连，不该连的则不连。

• 仔细认真，贵在坚持。

连笔注意事项

• 大写字母不可与前后连写，且不能顶住顶线。

• 字母b, g, p, y, f 不可与其后字母连写，t的顶不可顶住顶线。

• 注意大写字母Q，J及小写字母k的手写体。

斜连写/横连写

ab cd ef gh ij kmn n op oo qr st uv w xyz

注：tf tt ft oo (横连写)

abc def ghi jkl mn opq rst uvw xyz

初高中衔接三 语态与时态

一．语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

I do my homework every day．（主动）

My homework is done every day．（被动）

语态：

填空

二、（一）时态的构成

一般现在时： do / does / is / am /are

一般过去时： was / were/ did

现在进行时： am / is / are + doing

一般将来时： shall / will + do

一般过去将来时：would do

过去进行时： was / were + doing

现在完成时： have / has + done

过去完成时： had + done

二、（一）被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。

（二）特殊的被动语态

1、在使用动词make以及感官动词see，hear等动词被动式后面的做主语补足语的不定式须加不定式符号“to”。

2、短语动词的被动语态要注意不可丢失其附近的介词、副词或短语：look at, laugh at, send for, call on, carry out, listen to, take care of, make use of, depend on, pay affection to, put on, look up, give up等。

3、有些动词在want，need，require后形式为主动，意义为被动。

eg．The room needs cleaning．= The room needs to be cleaned．

注：这种情况的主语一般为事、物，少数情况为人，

eg．I need to go at once．

4．系动词：look, feel, sound, smell, taste, appear, seem, turn, prove, go, stay, become, get, grow, keep+形容词/名词，构成系表结构。

eg．Cotton feels soft（棉花模上去很柔软）

5．除助词be可以构成动语态外，get / become + 过去分词也表被动语态的意义。

eg．She was unhappy because she didn’t get invited to the party．

6．带有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。

eg．All the things must be done before dark．

（三）动词的时态

1．一般现在时

一般现在时通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目标的状态。

He gets up at six every morning．他每天早晨6点起床。

从句内容表示的真理或不变规律的客观事实，仍用一般现在时表示。

The teacher said the earth turns from invest to east．

2．一般过去时

一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。

She was ill last week．上星期她病了。

3．现在进行时

现在进行时表示现在正在进行时的动作或现在已在发生的事情。

The girls read magazines．女孩们在看杂志。

4．一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。

My brother left for Shanghai tomorrow．

5．一般过去将来时

一般过去将来时表示从过去某时看将来发生的动作或将来存在的状态。

He was sixteen．In two years he would be eighteen．他16岁，再过2年就18岁。

6．过去进行时

表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作

She was reading a Spanish novel when I came in．我进来时，她正在看一本西班牙文小说。

7．将来进行时

表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in September．九月份我们会去河边度假。

8．现在完成时

①一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在（也许还将持续下去）。常用的状语：lately, recently, in the last / past few days/ years（在过去的这几天/年里），since then, up to now, so far（至今）等．

In the past few years, great changes have been taken place in my hometown．

在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。

②一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响，注意这时说话的重心在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。常用的状语有already，just，yet，never，before等。

The concert has already begun ．音乐会已经开始了。

③This / it is the first / second / …time + that从句，that从句谓语要用现在完成时。

This is the first time I have come （come）here．

④在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。

I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes．

只有我亲眼看到，我才会相信你的话。（强调看完）

⑤瞬间动词也叫非延续性动词，还叫终止性动词。瞬间动词可以有现在完成时态，但不可以接一段时间，若要接一段时间，需要做一些相应的变换瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式可以接一段时间。

He has come to Beijing sine last year．错误

常见的瞬间动词和短语有：come, go, get to / reach / arrive at / leave, buy , sell , open, close, get up, join / take part in, begin / start , return / give, borrow / lend, become / turn, bring/ take , die, finish / end, receive / hear, from, marry, break, lose, jump等

9．过去完成时

过去完成时表示在过去某一时间以前已经发生的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”

10．将来完成时

By seven o’clock this afternoon we will have got to New York if the train keeps good line．

如果火车运行正常，我们今天下午七点就到纽约了。

11．现在完成进行时

Where have you been？We have been looking for （look for）you everywhere．

你去哪儿了？我们一直在找你。（试与I was looking for you everywhere比较）

初高中衔接四 不定式专题

不定式是指在句中无人称和数的限制，并在句中起着名词形容词或副词作用的成分，一般不定式带to，但有些特殊不定式要省to。

1．These pictures made me think of my childhood．

2．Let’s go home．

（一）语法功能

不定式在句中补充当名词]、形容词和副词，在句中引作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定格、状语。

1、作主语

To succeed calls for hard work．成功需要付出艰辛的劳动。

2．作表语

1）Our duty is to help those people find their parents．

2）To save is to produce．（分析句子成分）

3．宾语

1）He pretended to understand me yesterday．

2）I think it is important to study English well．

4．宾语补足语

1）They invite me to see Uncle Li．

2）I often see him sing．

总结：有的动词需要运用带符号to的不定式，有的不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的带用动词：

I often see him play in the street．（变被动语态）．

要运用不带符号to的不定式：

see, watch, hear, feel, notice observe, have, make, let, discover

I hope you to come earlier tomorrow．（改错）

→I hope to come earlier tomorrow．

动词hope, demand, agree, suggest, insist等不能跟不定式作宾语宾补语。

5．作定语：

1）Every day I have a lot of things to deal with （处理）

2）He is the only one to get （获得）a medal．

3）Tom is a pleasant person to work with ．

和汤姆一起工作真愉快。

6．作状语：表示目的、原因、结果、比较。

注表原因、结果不能置于句首。

1）I opened the box only to find it empty．（发现里面什么也没有）

2）I come here to see．表目的

3）I’m sorry to have troubled you so much．

（二）时态与语态

1．I wish to travel around the world！我希望能够周游世界。

2．Don’t pretend to be working hard．不要假装努力工作。

3．①I’m sorry to have taken you so much trouble（给你带来……）

4．Tell him not to play in the street．（不要在街上玩）

初高中衔接五 定语从句专题

I．定义

1．在复合句中，修饰某一修饰名词或代词,并且充当定语的句子叫做定语从句。

2． 被修饰名词或代词 叫做先行词。

先行词在定语从句中必不可少，定语从句通常跟在先行词的后面。如：

1）The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250 000．

2）It sounded like a train which / that was going under the house．

关系副词when，where，why的使用

引导定语从句的词，除关系代词外，还有关系副词when，where，why。

1）when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词一般为表示时间的名词。如：

October 1st，1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded．

1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

注意：有时尽管先行词是表示时间的名词，但如果定语从句中缺少的是主语或宾语，此时应使用关系代词。试比较：

I will never forget the days I spent in the countryside．

I will never forget the days I worked in the countryside．

2）where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般为 表示地点的名词。如：

Everyone wants to visit the place where Zhou Enlai once worked．

大家都想参观周恩来曾经工作过的地方。

Is there a shop around where we can get fruit？附近有没有我们能买到水果的地方？

注意：where和when一样，在定语从句中只能充当状语；否则，必须换用关系代词。试比较：

This is the factory my father worked last year．

This is the factory my father visited last year．

3）why表示原因，在定语从句中作 其先行词一般为reason。如：

The reason why she told a lie is unknown．她为什么撒谎还不清楚。

We don’t know the reason why they didn’t attend the meeting．

我们不知道他们为什么没有参加会议。

再比较：

The reason he gave us was hard to accept．

The reason he was late for school is that he missed to first bus．

做题关键：分析从句的句子成分，缺主宾表定填_关系代词_不缺主宾表定填关系代词

实战运用

A．用适当的关系代词填空

1）The boy was here a minute ago is my brother．

2）The watch is made in this factory is the best in our country．

3）Over there is the man, brother is one of my classmates．

4）The letter I received yesterday is from my sister．

5）the train was going to Nanning was late．

单项选择

1．Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police．

A．which B．what C．whatever D．that

2．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone family was poor．

A．of whom B．whom C．of whose D．whose

3．I have found a man can help you．

A．which B．whom C．whose D．who

4．Please pass me the dictionary cover is red．

A．whose B．its C．which D．which of

5．The comrade is speaking at the meeting is my teacher．

A．whom B．which C．who D．whose

参考答案：DDDAC

单项选择

1．The English play my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success．

A．for which B．at which C．in which D．on which

2．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, was very reasonable．

A．which price B．the price of which

C．its price D．the price of whose

3．There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high．

A．the larger B．the larger of them

C．the larger one that D．the larger of which

4．The doctor she sent is very well known．

A．to whom B．at whom C．for whom D．whom

5．Have you seen the film“Titanic”， leading actor is world famous？

A．It’s B．it’s C．whose D．which

参考答案：CBDCC

三、对家长的建议

第一，优化孩子的成长、学习环境和心理环境。创造有利于其健康成长的家庭环境，民主和谐的气氛、积极进取的精神。

第二，指导孩子科学合理地安排时间。两张表。一张是一天的学习、生活作息时间表。另一张是一周学习计划表。克服忙乱现象，有条不紊地学习、活动、休息，对于以后的计划性生活和工作奠定基础。

第三，要指导孩子变被动学为主动学，提高孩子自主自学能力。举一反三，触类旁通，学以致用

第四，多与子女沟通交流，与子女做朋友，不要以长辈自居，独断专横，要放下家长的架子应设法与孩子做朋友相互沟通，开展谈心活动。可以不定期召开家庭民主生活会，及时沟通一下情感与思想，及时帮孩子找出问题并解决（早恋）。

第五，对孩子保持适度的期望值，多鼓励，建立学生的自信。

第六，客观评价子女，多元价值。

第七，和学生一起学习，查缺补漏、补弱。

第八、关注学生的择友和交往，但勿过多干预。

初高中英语衔接公开课教师版